The degree of body rotation for an AP oblique stomach radiographic images ranges from degrees

The routinely used methods of examining the stomach include _____ contrast.

1. no
2. single
3. double

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

c. 2 and 3

Which of the following are advantages of using the double-contrast technique for examination of the
stomach?

1. Fewer images are required.
2. Small lesions are not obscured.
3. The mucosal lining of the stomach can be more clearly visualized.

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

c. 2 and 3

Which drug may be given to the patient before a double-contrast examination of the stomach to relax
the gastrointestinal tract?

a. Heparin
b. Glucagon
c. Demerol
d. Oral chlorhydrate

b. Glucagon

A PA projection of the stomach and duodenum can be performed using a 10 × 12 inch (24 × 30 cm)
IR. Which of the following describes the plane that is centered to the grid for this projection?

a. The midsagittal plane
b. A sagittal plane passing 4 inches to the right of the vertebral column
c. A sagittal plane passing 4 inches to the left of the vertebral column
d. A sagittal plane passing halfway between the midline and the lateral border of the
abdomen

d. A sagittal plane passing halfway between the midline and the lateral border of the
abdomen

At which level is the IR centered for a PA projection of the stomach and duodenum?

a. T12/L1
b. L1/L2
c. L2/L3
d. Iliac crests

b. L1/L2

How much lower should the IR be positioned when the upright position is used for projections of the
stomach?

a. 1/2 to 1 inch
b. 2 to 2 1/2 inches
c. 4 to 5 inches
d. 3 to 6 inches

d. 3 to 6 inches

A PA projection of the stomach and duodenum is often performed using a 14 × 17 inch (35 × 43 cm)
IR. Which of the following describes the plane that is centered to the grid for this projection?

a. The midsagittal plane
b. A sagittal plane passing 4 inches to the right of the vertebral column
c. A sagittal plane passing 4 inches to the left of the vertebral column
d. A sagittal plane passing halfway between the midline and the lateral border of the
abdomen

a. The midsagittal plane

Which of the following are essential oblique projections of the stomach and duodenum?

1. AP projection, LPO
2. PA projection, RAO
3. PA projection, LAO

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

a. 1 and 2

How much is the body rotated for the PA oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum?

a. 40 degrees
b. 45 degrees
c. 60 degrees
d. 40 to 70 degrees

d. 40 to 70 degrees

The degree of body rotation for the PA oblique projection of the stomach will depend on the body
habitus. The greatest degree of rotation would be used for which body habitus?

a. Sthenic
b. Asthenic
c. Hypersthenic
d. Hyposthenic

c. Hypersthenic

Which of the following will demonstrate the duodenal bulb and loop in profile?

a. PA
b. PA oblique, RAO
c. AP oblique, LPO
d. AP oblique, RPO

b. PA oblique, RAO

Which of the following planes is centered to the grid for the PA oblique projection of the stomach
and duodenum?

a. Midsagittal plane
b. A longitudinal plane passing 4 inches to the right of the vertebral column
c. A longitudinal plane passing 4 inches to the left of the vertebral column
d. A longitudinal plane midway between the vertebrae and the lateral border of the
elevated side

d. A longitudinal plane midway between the vertebrae and the lateral border of the
elevated side

For which projection of the stomach would a positioning sponge be used?

a. PA
b. PA oblique
c. AP oblique
d. Lateral

c. AP oblique

At which level is the IR centered for an AP or PA oblique stomach and duodenum?

a. L1/L2
b. L2/L3
c. L3/L4
d. Iliac crests

a. L1/L2

What is the average degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the stomach and
duodenum?

a. 45 degrees
b. 50 degrees
c. 55 degrees
d. 60 degrees

a. 45 degrees

The degree of body rotation for an AP oblique stomach radiographic images ranges from _____
degrees.

a. 20 to 30
b. 30 to 40
c. 40 to 50
d. 30 to 60

d. 30 to 60

Which of the following projections will best demonstrate the fundus of the stomach?

a. PA
b. AP oblique, LPO
c. PA oblique, LAO
d. PA oblique, RAO

b. AP oblique, LPO

Which of the following planes is positioned to the center of the grid for the lateral projection of the
stomach and duodenum?

a. Midcoronal plane
b. A coronal plane passing 2 inches posterior to the median coronal plane
c. A coronal plane passing 2 inches anterior to the median coronal plane
d. A plane passing midway between the midcoronal plane and the anterior surface of
the abdomen

d. A plane passing midway between the midcoronal plane and the anterior surface of
the abdomen

Which projection of the stomach demonstrates its anterior and posterior surfaces?

a. PA
b. Lateral
c. AP oblique, LPO
d. PA oblique, RAO

b. Lateral

Which projection of the stomach would best demonstrate a diaphragmatic herniation?

a. PA
b. AP
c. AP, Trendelenburg's position
d. AP, R lateral decubitus

c. AP, Trendelenburg's position

Which positions will best demonstrate the retrogastric portion of the duodenum and jejunum on an
AP projection of the stomach?

1. Supine
2. Trendelenburg's
3. Standing

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

a. 1 and 2

Which methods are used to administer barium for a radiographic examination of the small intestine?

1. By mouth
2. Reflex filling
3. Enteroclysis

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

d. 1, 2, and 3

The patient preparation for a small intestine examination is food and fluid withheld:

a. after the evening meal.
b. after the evening meal and no breakfast.
c. for 12 hours.
d. for 24 hours.

b. after the evening meal and no breakfast.

The first small intestine image is taken how many minutes after the patient drinks barium?

a. 5 minutes
b. 10 minutes
c. 15 minutes
d. 30 minutes

c. 15 minutes

Which of the following are essential projections for examination of the small intestine?

1. AP
2. PA
3. Lateral

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

a. 1 and 2

Where is the IR centered for images of the small intestine that are taken within 30 minutes of
drinking the barium?

a. Level of the iliac crests
b. 1 inch above the iliac crests
c. 2 inches above the iliac crests
d. At the costal margin/L3

c. 2 inches above the iliac crests

Where is the IR centered for delayed images of the small intestine?

a. Level of the iliac crests
b. 1 inch above the iliac crests
c. 2 inches above the iliac crests
d. At the costal margin/L3

c. 2 inches above the iliac crests

Which of the following examinations requires the use of time markers on the images?

1. Stomach
2. Small intestine
3. Large intestine

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3

b. 2 only

Methods of radiographically examining the colon include:

1. enteroclysis.
2. single contrast.
3. double contrast
.
a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

c. 2 and 3

"High-density" barium sulfate is used primarily for _____ intestine examinations.

1. enteroclysis
2. single-contrast
3. double-contrast

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3

c. 3 only

Preparation of the intestinal tract for examination of the colon includes:

1. laxatives.
2. dietary restrictions.
3. cleansing enemas.

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

d. 1, 2, and 3

Which of the following is true regarding inflation of the retention balloon for a barium enema?

1. It should be inflated by the radiographer using fluoroscopy.
2. It should be inflated by the radiologist using fluoroscopy.
3. It should be inflated by the radiologist without using fluoroscopy.

a. 1 only
b. 2 only
c. 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3

b. 2 only

In which position should the patient be placed to insert the enema tip for a barium enema?

a. Sims
b. Trendelenburg's
c. Lithotomy
d. Right lateral

a. Sims

How far above the anus is the enema bag placed during a barium enema?

a. 12 inches
b. 18 to 24 inches
c. 24 to 36 inches
d. 4 feet

b. 18 to 24 inches

Which of the following radiographs are taken during a single-contrast barium enema?

1. "Spot" images
2. "Filled" colon images
3. Postevacuation images

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

a. 1 and 2

Methods of performing a double-contrast barium enema include:

1. enteroclysis.
2. single-stage procedure.
3. two-stage procedure.

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

c. 2 and 3

The majority of AP, PA, and oblique images taken during a barium enema are done on 14 × 17 inch
(35 × 43 cm) IRs. Where is the IR centered on sthenic patients for the majority of these projections?

a. Iliac crests
b. Costal margin
c. 2 inches above the iliac crests
d. 2 inches below the iliac crests

a. Iliac crests

The respiration phase for all projections of the large intestine is:

a. inspiration.
b. expiration.
c. suspended respiration.
d. slow, shallow breathing.

b. expiration.

Which projections taken during a barium enema will demonstrate the rectosigmoid area?

1. Lateral
2. PA axial
3. AP axial

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

d. 1, 2, and 3

What is the central-ray angulation for the PA axial projection of the large intestine?

a. 10 to 20 degrees cephalad
b. 30 to 40 degrees cephalad
c. 10 to 20 degrees caudad
d. 30 to 40 degrees caudad

d. 30 to 40 degrees caudad

The degree of body rotation for the PA oblique projection (RAO or LAO) of the large intestine is
_____ degrees.

a. 20
b. 30
c. 20 to 30
d. 35 to 45

d. 35 to 45

At which plane is the central ray positioned for the PA oblique projections (LAO or RAO) of the
large intestine?

a. Midsagittal plane
b. A longitudinal plane directly over the vertebral column
c. A longitudinal plane 1 to 2 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side
d. A longitudinal plane 4 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated
side

c. A longitudinal plane 1 to 2 inches lateral to the midline of the body on the elevated side

Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the right colic flexure?

a. PA oblique, RAO
b. PA oblique, LAO
c. PA axial
d. AP axial

a. PA oblique, RAO

Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the ascending colon?

a. PA oblique, RAO
b. PA oblique, LAO
c. PA axial
d. AP axial

a. PA oblique, RAO

The PA oblique projection of the colon done in the LAO position clearly demonstrates the:

a. ascending colon.
b. descending colon.
c. R colic flexure.
d. transverse colon.

b. descending colon

Which projection of the colon best demonstrates the left colic flexure?

a. AP axial
b. Lateral
c. PA oblique, LAO
d. PA oblique, RAO

c. PA oblique, LAO

At what level is the center of the IR positioned for a lateral projection of the rectosigmoid area?

a. ASIS
b. Iliac crests
c. 2 inches above the iliac crests
d. 2 inches below the iliac crests

a. ASIS

Which plane is centered to the grid for a lateral projection of the large intestine?

a. Midsagittal plane
b. Midcoronal plane
c. A longitudinal plane 2 inches anterior to the median coronal plane
d. A longitudinal plane 2 inches posterior to the median coronal plane

b. Midcoronal plane

The central-ray angulation for the AP axial projection of the large intestine is:

a. 10 to 20 degrees caudad.
b. 30 to 40 degrees caudad.
c. 10 to 20 degrees cephalad.
d. 30 to 40 degrees cephalad.

d. 30 to 40 degrees cephalad.

The degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the large intestine is _____ degrees.

a. 30
b. 45
c. 20 to 30
d. 35 to 45

d. 35 to 45

Which projections will clearly demonstrate the right colic flexure?

1. Right lateral
2. AP oblique, LPO
3. PA oblique, RAO

a. 1 and 2
b. 1 and 3
c. 2 and 3
d. 1, 2, and 3

c. 2 and 3

What is the average degree of body rotation for an AP oblique projection of the stomach and duodenum?

Which projection of the stomach demonstrates the anterior and posterior surfaces?

At which plane is the central ray positioned for the PA oblique projections Lao or Rao of the large intestine?

Where is the IR centered for images of the small intestine that are taken within 30 minutes of drinking the barium?