Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is a method used to examine the tasks in a schedule and determine a Critical Path Method variation (CPM). It analyzes
the time required to complete each task and its associated dependencies to determine the minimum time to complete a project. It estimates the shortest possible time each activity will take, the most likely length of time, and the longest time that might be taken if the activity takes longer than expected. The US Navy developed the method in 1957 on the Polaris nuclear submarine project to evaluate the resources and time required to manage a project. PERT
Analysis informs Program Managers and project personnel on the project’s tasks and the estimated amount of time required to complete each task. By utilizing this information a Program Manager will be able to estimate the minimum amount of time required to complete the entire project. This helps in the creation of more realistic schedules and cost estimates. There
are two main steps when determining the PERT Estimate. These two steps are:
Step 1: Determine optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely estimatesTo conduct PERT Analysis, three-time estimates are obtained (optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely) for every activity along the Critical Path.
 Step 2: Calculate PERT EstimateAfter completing Step 1, use the (optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely) estimates in the formula below to calculate the PERT estimate for the project. Formula: (P+4M+O)/6Example: (8 + 4(14)+20)/6 = 14 WeeksCritical PathDefinition Critical Path: The longest path of scheduled activities that must be met to execute a project. See: Critical Path MethodUnderstanding the PERT ChartThe analysis is represented by a PERT Chart or what is also called a Critical Path Nodal Diagram. The chart uses circles, and/or rectangles to represent nodes (Events or Milestones in the schedule). These nodes are linked together by lines/vectors in between the key project tasks. These tasks must be performed in a specific order and are dependent on the task before them. The duration of the task is shown in the middle of the node. An example of a PERT Chart can be seen above. Advantages and Disadvantages of PERT AnalysisUnderstanding the advantages and disadvantages of utilizing PERT analysis will give program managers and project personnel a better understanding of the realities of their schedules. It takes an experienced program manager to truly utilize the benefits a PERT analysis can provide a project team.
Critical Path Method (CPM) and Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT)Although the Critical Path Method (CPM) and PERT are conceptually similar, some significant differences exist mostly due to the type of projects best suited for each technique. PERT is better to use when there is much uncertainty and when control over time outweighs control over costs. PERT handles the uncertainty of the time required to complete an activity by developing three estimates and then computing an expected time using the beta distribution. CPM is better suited for well-defined projects and activities with little uncertainty, where accurate time and resource estimates can be made. The percentage of completion of the activity can be determined. [1] History of PERTIn 1958, the U.S. Navy introduced network scheduling techniques by developing PERT as a management control system for the development of the Polaris missile program. PERT’s focus was to give managers the means to plan and control processes and activities so the project could be completed within the specified time period. The Polaris program involved 250 prime contractors, more than 9,000 subcontractors, and hundreds of thousands of tasks. [1] PERT was introduced as an event-oriented, probabilistic technique to increase the Program Manager’s control in projects where time was the critical factor and time estimates were difficult to make with confidence. The events used in this technique represent the start and finish of the activities. PERT uses three-time estimates for each activity: optimistic, pessimistic, and most likely. An expected time is calculated based on a beta probability distribution for each activity from these estimates. [1] AcqNotes TutorialAcqLinks and References:
Updated: 6/22/2022 Rank: G1.4 What should be established before a project begins in order to have effective team evaluations?Before an evaluation of the project team can be effective and useful, a minimum core of conditions needs to be in place before the project begins. Which of the following would NOT be one of those conditions? Performance appraisals generally fulfill two functions.
When the project may be completed early with some parts of the project eliminated this is considered?2) In premature project closure, the project may be completed early with some parts of the project eliminated.
What is another term for reviewing the weaknesses of a project?A SWOT analysis is a strategic planning technique that project managers can use to help them analyze their projects' strengths and weaknesses, as well as any opportunities and threats they may face.
Which part of the audit report is designed to be the most useful on future projects?Which part of the audit report is designed to be the most useful on future projects? failed project. Expectations, standards, supportive organizational culture, and constraints must be in place before project implementation; if not, the effectiveness of the evaluation process will suffer.
|
Completing team evaluations relies upon ________ to be in place before the project begins.
zusammenhängende Posts
Urheberrechte © © 2024 decemle Inc.
