Which patient data would the nurse classify as objective data select all that apply quizlet?

A

Establishing rapport is paramount to gaining the trust of the patient. The nurse should consider the patient's generational cohort, which may influence behavior, and willingness to share personal information during the interview process. Veterans (born before 1945) respect authority; are detail oriented; communicate in a discrete, formal, respectful way; may be slow to warm up; value family and community; and accept physical touch as an effective form of therapeutic communication. Baby Boomers (born 1946 to 1964) are optimistic, relationship oriented, and communicate by using open or direct speech, using body language, and answering questions thoroughly. They expect detailed information, question everything, and value success. Generation X members (born 1965 to 1976) are informal; are technology immigrants; multitask; communicate in a blunt or direct, factual, and informal style; may talk in short sound bites; share information frequently; and value time. Millennials, also called Generation Y (born 1977 to 1994) are flexible; are technologically literate or are technology natives; multitask; communicate by using action verbs and humor; may be brief in the form of texting or e-mail exchanges; like personal attention; and value individuality. Individuals from Generation Z (born 1995 to 2012) are digitally connected, value group work, want immediate feedback, are accepting of others, value honesty and family, and are entrepreneurial.

B

The patient interview consists of three phases: orientation (introductory), working, and termination. Each phase contributes to the development of trust and engagement between the nurse and the patient. During the orientation phase of the interview, the nurse should establish the name by which the patient prefers to be addressed. Some individuals prefer formal titles of respect (e.g., Dr., Mr., Ms., Professor) and the use of surnames, whereas others are comfortable with less formality. How a patient is addressed is the patient's choice. Demographic data should be collected by asking focused or closed-ended questions. More general information can be gathered by open-ended communication techniques. When feasible, the nurse and the patient should be seated at eye level with each other. In this way, the interaction between the nurse and the patient is horizontal instead of vertical. Standing over someone implies control, power, and authority. The implication of power can result in less-than-optimal data collection and a potential conflict as the patient strives to regain control over the situation.

C

Nonverbal behaviors of the nurse can influence the information obtained from the patient. Negative nonverbal cues such as distracting gestures (e.g., tapping a pen, swinging a foot, looking at a watch), inappropriate facial expressions, and lack of eye contact communicate disinterest. To establish a trusting relationship with the patient before the physical examination is conducted, the nurse should communicate professionally, sit close and lean in slightly toward the patient, listen attentively and demonstrate appropriate eye contact, smile, and use a moderate rate of speech and tone of voice.

D

Auscultation is a technique of listening with the assistance of a stethoscope to sounds made by organs or systems such as the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and abdominal cavity. Inspection involves the use of vision, hearing, and smell to closely scrutinize physical characteristics of a whole person and individual body systems. Percussion involves tapping the patient's skin with short, sharp strokes that cause a vibration to travel through the skin and to the upper layers of the underlying structures. Vibration is reflected by the tissues, and the character of the sound heard depends on the density of the structures that reflect the sound. Palpation uses touch to assess body organs and skin texture, temperature, moisture, turgor, tenderness, and thickness.

B

Percussion involves tapping the patient's skin with short, sharp strokes that cause a vibration to travel through the skin and to the upper layers of the underlying structures. Inspection involves the use of vision, hearing, and smell to closely scrutinize physical characteristics of a whole person and individual body systems. Palpation uses touch to assess body organs and skin texture, temperature, moisture, turgor, tenderness, and thickness. Auscultation is a technique of listening with the assistance of a stethoscope to sounds made by organs or systems such as the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and abdominal cavity. Vibration is reflected by the tissues, and the character of the sound heard depends on the density of the structures that reflect the sound.

C

Palpation uses touch to assess body organs and skin texture, temperature, moisture, turgor, tenderness, and thickness. Inspection involves the use of vision, hearing, and smell to closely scrutinize physical characteristics of a whole person and individual body systems. Percussion involves tapping the patient's skin with short, sharp strokes that cause a vibration to travel through the skin and to the upper layers of the underlying structures. Auscultation is a technique of listening with the assistance of a stethoscope to sounds made by organs or systems such as the heart, blood vessels, lungs, and abdominal cavity. Vibration is reflected by the tissues, and the character of the sound heard depends on the density of the structures that reflect the sound.

B

Triage, a form of emergency assessment, is the classification of patients according to treatment priority. Patients are categorized by the urgency of their condition. Most emergency departments use a five-tier triage system. The five-tier system classifies patients by levels numbered 1 through 5. Level 1 is considered critical: life-threatening conditions require immediate and continuous care such as severe trauma, cardiac arrest, respiratory distress, seizure, or shock. Level 2 emergencies can be imminently life-threatening conditions requiring care within 30 minutes, such as chest pain or major fractures, with severe pain. Level 3 is considered urgent: potentially life-threatening conditions that require care within 30 to 60 minutes, such as minor fractures, lacerations, and dehydration. Level 4 is considered semi-urgent, stable health conditions that require care within 60 to 120 minutes, such as a twisted ankle. Level 5 conditions are non-urgent and lower risk such as cold symptoms.

A

Emergency assessment is a physical examination done when time is a factor, treatment must begin immediately, or priorities for care need to be established in a few seconds or minutes. Attention is paid to the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation. Other concerns in the emergent setting are noticeable deformities such as compound fractures, contusions, abrasions, puncture wounds, burns, tenderness, lacerations, bleeding, and swelling. During an emergency, the nurse may never have time to do a complete assessment and may work to stabilize one body system at a time. A focused or clinical assessment is a brief individualized physical examination conducted at the beginning of an acute care setting work shift to establish current patient status or during ongoing patient encounters in response to a specific patient concern. A focused assessment may be conducted when signs indicate a change in a patient's condition or the development of a new complication. A comprehensive or complete assessment includes a thorough interview, health history, review of systems, and extensive physical head-to-toe assessment, including evaluation of cranial nerves and sensory organs, such as with sight and hearing testing. A complete physical examination may be conducted on admission to a hospital, during an annual physical at the office of a physician or nurse practitioner, or on initial interaction with a specialist.

B

A focused or clinical assessment is a brief individualized physical examination conducted at the beginning of an acute care setting work shift to establish current patient status or during ongoing patient encounters in response to a specific patient concern. A focused assessment may be conducted when signs indicate a change in a patient's condition or the development of a new complication. Emergency assessment is a physical examination done when time is a factor, treatment must begin immediately, or priorities for care need to be established in a few seconds or minutes. Attention is paid to the patient's airway, breathing, and circulation. Other concerns in the emergent setting are noticeable deformities such as compound fractures, contusions, abrasions, puncture wounds, burns, tenderness, lacerations, bleeding, and swelling. A comprehensive or complete assessment includes a thorough interview, health history, review of systems, and extensive physical head-to-toe assessment, including evaluation of cranial nerves and sensory organs, such as with sight and hearing testing. A complete physical examination may be conducted on admission to a hospital, during an annual physical at the office of a physician or nurse practitioner, or on initial interaction with a specialist.

D

Subjective data are spoken information or symptoms that cannot be authenticated. Subjective data usually are gathered during the interview process if patients are well enough to describe their symptoms. Family members, friends, and other members of the health care team can contribute valid secondary, subjective data. Objective data, also referred to as signs, can be measured or observed. The nurse's senses of sight, hearing, touch, and smell are used to collect objective data. Objective assessment data are acquired through observation, physical examination, and analysis of laboratory and diagnostic test results. Primary data come directly from the patient.

B

Primary data come directly from the patient. Subjective data are spoken information or symptoms that cannot be authenticated. Subjective data usually are gathered during the interview process if patients are well enough to describe their symptoms. Family members, friends, and other members of the health care team can contribute valid secondary, subjective data. Objective data, also referred to as signs, can be measured or observed. The nurse's senses of sight, hearing, touch, and smell are used to collect objective data. Objective assessment data are acquired through observation, physical examination, and analysis of laboratory and diagnostic test results.

B

Marjory Gordon developed the Functional Health Patterns to help nurses focus on patient strengths and related but sometimes overlooked data relationships. This method of organizing patient data is a more holistic approach than the others because it includes data such as values, beliefs, and roles in addition to physical data. Organizing assessment data in a head-to-toe (cephalic-caudal) pattern ensures that all areas of concern are addressed as the nurse performs an assessment covering the entire body. The body systems model organizes data on the basis of each system of the body: integumentary, respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous, reproductive, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal, genitourinary, and immune systems. It follows a sequence similar to the medical model for physical examination. The body systems model for data organization tends to focus on the physical aspects of a patient's condition rather than a more holistic view.

A,B,C,D

Objective data, also referred to as signs, can be measured or observed. The nurse's senses of sight, hearing, touch, and smell are used to collect objective data. Objective assessment data are acquired through observation, physical examination, and analysis of laboratory and diagnostic test results. Subjective data are spoken information or symptoms that cannot be authenticated. Subjective data usually are gathered during the interview process if patients are well enough to describe their symptoms.

Which of the following is an example of objective patient data?

Which of the following is an example of objective data quizlet?

Which data collected on a patient by the nurse can be considered objective data?

Which observation would the nurse document as objective data?