Which of the following is are demonstrated in the AP projection of the cervical spine?

Comparative Study

Cervical spine: comparison of 45 degrees and 55 degrees anteroposterior oblique radiographic projections

S Marcelis et al. Radiology. 1993 Jul.

Abstract

The orientation of the intervertebral foramina (IVF) at six cervical levels on transaxial images in 65 magnetic resonance (MR) studies was determined to explain variations in size and shape evident on the 45 degrees standard radiographic oblique view. Analysis of MR imaging data showed that substantial variations in the orientation of the cervical IVFs occurred throughout the cervical spine and that a 55 degrees anteroposterior (AP) oblique view with standard radiography probably would lead to better visualization of the lower cervical IVFs. These results were confirmed with a radiographic and anatomic study of two cadaveric specimens. In a prospective clinical study of 23 patients, 45 degrees and 55 degrees AP oblique views were compared by measuring the maximal transverse diameter of all the cervical IVFs. IVF size was substantially increased on the 55 degrees AP oblique projection at all lower cervical levels. The 55 degrees AP oblique view of the cervical spine is optimal for evaluating the lower cervical foramina and can be a routine alternative to the 45 degrees oblique view in the analysis of all cervical foramina.

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Which are functions the vertebral column?

supports the trunk, protects the spinal cord, supports the skull superiorly

The vertebral column articulates with the hip bone at the

How many vertebrae are there in the sacrum

When viewed from the side, the vertebral column presents how many curves?

Which vertebral areas have a lordotic curve?

an abnormal increase in the convexity of the thoracic spine is termed

an abnormal lateral curvature of the spine is termed

A typical vertebra is composed of which main parts

The short, thick processes that project posteriorly on each side of a vertebral body are called the

Spinal nerves and blood vessels exit the spinal column through the

Which vertebral process projects posteriorly from the junction of the laminae and pedicles?

the condition in which the intervertebral disc "slips" and protrudes into the vertebral canal is called

herniated nucleus pulposus (HNP)

The vertebra prominens is the name given to the

seventh cervical vertebra

the openings in the cervical vertebrae for the transmission of the vertebral artery and vein are called

How many thoracic vertebrae have a small concave facet on the transverse process, for articulation with the tubercle of a rib?

The intervertebral foramina of the thoracic spine are clearly demonstrated on which projection?

on each side of the sacral base is a large winglike mass called the

where should the center of the IR be positioned for the "open mouth" AP projection of the atlas and axis

the respiration phase for the "open mouth" AP projection of the atlas and axis

softly phonate "ah" during the exposure

where is the CR directed for an "open mouth" Ap projection of the atlas and axis

perpendicular through the open mouth

which method is used to demonstrate the dens within the foramen magnum

Which describes the Fuchs method?

where is the center of the IR positioned for the AP projection of the dens, Fuchs method?

tip of the mastoid process

What is the CR angulation for the AP projection of the dens, Fuchs method?

Where is the IR centered for an AP axial cervical spine?

the CR angle for an AP axial cervical vertebrae is

where is the IR centered for a lateral cervical spine?

Where is the CR directed for a lateral cervical spine?

the respiration phase for a lateral cervical spine is

where is the CR centered for a hyper flexion or hyperextension lateral cervical spine?

the intervertebral foramina of the cervical spine are demonstrated on which of the following projections?

Ap axial oblique, PA axial oblique

How much is the body rotated for an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina

what is the CR angle for the AP axial oblique projection of the cervical intervertebral foramina?

which intervertebral foramina are demonstrated on an AP axial oblique projection of the cervical spine?

those farthest from the IR

the respiration phase for an AP or PA axial oblique projection of the cervical spine

patients may arrive in the emergency department with trauma to the neck; which performed first

dorsal decubitus (cross-table) lateral

the recommended SID for a dorsal decubitus (cross-table) lateral projection of the cervical spine on a trauma patient is

what is the CR angulation for an AP axial projection of the cervical spine on a trauma patient

which methods used to demonstrate the cerviothoracic region in the lateral projection

the swimmers technique demonstrates the cervicothoracic region in which projection

where is the IR centered for a lateral projection of the cervicothoracic region (swimmers technique)

what is the CR angulation for the lateral projection of the cervicothoracic region (swimmers technique) when the shoulder can be depressed

when the shoulder is immobile and cannot be depressed sufficiently for the cervicothoracic region lateral projection (swimmers technique) the central ray is angled

where should the superior edge of the Ir/collimated field be placed for an AP projection of the thoracic vertebrae

1 to 2 inches above the shoulders

which should be performed to place the back in contact with the table for an AP thoracic spine

flex the hips, flex the knees

if a lead rubber sheet is not placed on the table when performing a lateral projection of the thoracic spine, the image may be

which of the following devices are necessary to optimally perform a lateral projection of the thoracic spine

small sandbag, radiolucent sponge, sheet of leaded rubber

where its eh CR directed for a lateral thoracic spine

which of the following should be performed to reduce the lordotic curvature of the lumbar spine for the Ap projection?

flex the hips, flex the knees

where is the CR directed for an AP lumbosacral spine

the phase of respiration for an AP projection of the lumbar spine is

suspended respiration// deep expiration 

which planes is placed perpendicular to to the tabletop and centered to the midline of the grid for a lateral lumbar spine

if the lumbar spine cannot be adjusted so its horizontal for the lateral projection, the CR should be angled

5 degrees men, 8 degrees women, caudal

which will prevent the AEC detector from prematurely terminating the exposure during a lateral lumbar spine

placing a sheet of lead rubber on the table behind the patient

which describes the CR centering pt for the L5-S1 lateral projection

2 inches posterior to the ASIS and 1 1/2 inches below the iliac crest

when the spine cannot be placed in a true horizontal position for the L5-S1 lateral projection, the CR must be angled

5 degrees men, 8 degrees women, caudad 

the respiration phase for the AP oblique projection of the lumbar spine is

which projection of the lumbar spine displays the vertebrae in the form of a "Scottie dog"

which projections demonstrate the right sacroiliac joint

AP oblique, LPO position; PA oblique, RAO position

how many degrees is the body rotated for the AP oblique projection of the sacroiliac joint?

the CR angle for an AP oblique sacroiliac joint is

women cannot be shielded for an AP projection of the 

the CR angle for an AP axial projection of the sacrum is

the CR angle for an AP axial projection of the coccyx is

where does the CR enter the patient for an AP axial projection of the coccyx

2" superior to the pubic symphysis

which should be demonstrated on a coccyx radiograph

where is the CR positioned for a lateral sacrum

at the level of the ASIS and 3 1/2 inches posterior

where is the CR positioned for a lateral coccyx

3 1/2 inches posterior to ASIS and 2 inches inferior

the CR angle for a lateral coccyx is

how many true, or movable, vertebrae are there in the vertebral column

spina bifida is a congenital deformity of the vertebral column in which the ____ fail to unite posteriorly

the second cervical vertebra is the

when only the lumbar vertebrae (not lumbosacral) are imaged in the AP projection, the CR is directed

1 1/2 inches above the iliac crests

What is cervical spine AP?

X-Ray Cervical Spine AP & LAT View test is used to visualize the first seven vertebral bones (C1 - C7) of the spinal column (backbone) located in the neck region. This test helps visualize intervertebral discs and the surrounding soft tissues like skin and muscles.

When an AP projection of the cervical spine is performed the central ray is directed?

When an anteroposterior (AP) projection of the cervical spine is performed, the central ray is directed: 15 degrees cephalad.

When performing an AP axial projection of the cervical spine in order for the central ray to pass through C4 What is the appropriate entrance point for the beam?

When performing an AP axial projection of the cervical spine, the central ray should be angled 15-20 degrees cephalad. Because the central ray should pass through C4, and because there is a cephalic angulation of the beam, the central ray should enter inferior to the level where it exits.

Which of the following is are well demonstrated in the oblique position of the cervical vertebrae quizlet?

Which of the following is (are) well demonstrated in the oblique position of the cervical vertebrae? The correct answer is (A). The cervical intervertebral foramina form a 45-degree angle with the MSP and, therefore, are well visualized in a 45-degree oblique position.