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Managing Human Resources, 7e (Gómez-Mejía / Balkin / Cardy) Chapter 9 Developing Careers 1) Unlike training, career development: A) has a short-term focus. B) is initiated by employees. C) has a broad scope. D) benefits the organization. 2) Career development is best defined as a: A) one-time event or opportunity to enhance long-term skills. B) formal, organized, ongoing effort to develop people skills. C) highly selective process which guarantees success. D) process that focuses on immediate job requirements. 3) Which of the following best explains why the career development field has experienced significant change in recent decades? A) More college graduates pursue careers with non-profit organizations. B) Self-employment is a preferred career path for professionals. C) Career paths are less structured and predictable. D) Job security is an important career element. 4) The purpose of career development has changed over time and shifted its focus from the: A) organization to both the organization and the individual. B) individual to the organization. C) organization to the individual. D) individual to the community. 5) Currently, firms primarily view career development as a way to meet all of the following goals EXCEPT: A) reducing job burnout. B) reinforcing affirmative action. C) improving quality of work life. D) expanding tenure opportunities. 6) Initially, companies viewed career development as a program to meet organizational needs. Now, it is also looked upon as a way to meet employees' needs. This shift in perspective is most likely due to all of the following EXCEPT: A) the pressures of downsizing. B) the pressures of technological change. C) employee demands for career advancement opportunities. D) the need for global firms to meet short-term strategic goals. 7) Lillian, the VP of HR, insists that a career development program should be implemented at Dresses, Inc. She notes that employee turnover is increasing and many employees complain that they feel stuck in dead-end jobs. Patty, the president of HR, claims that due to the recent economic downturn, it is impossible to implement such a program. From this scenario, it is most 1 Copyright © 2012 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Human resource management (HRM) is the practice of recruiting, hiring, deploying and managing an organization's employees. HRM is often referred to simply as human resources (HR). A company or organization's HR department is usually responsible for creating, putting into effect and overseeing policies governing workers and the relationship of the organization with its employees. The term human resources was first used in the early 1900s, and then more widely in the 1960s, to describe the people who work for the organization, in aggregate. HRM is employee management with an emphasis on those employees as assets of the business. In this context, employees are sometimes referred to as human capital. As with other business assets, the goal is to make effective use of employees, reducing risk and maximizing return on investment (ROI). The modern HR technology term human capital management (HCM) has been used more frequently compared to the term HRM. The term HCM has had widespread adoption by large and midsize companies and other organizations of software to manage many HR functions. The importance of human resource managementThe role of HRM practices are to manage the people within a workplace to achieve the organization's mission and reinforce the culture. When done effectively, HR managers can help recruit new professionals who have skills necessary to further the company's goals as well as aid with the training and development of current employees to meet objectives. A company is only as good as its employees, making HRM a crucial part of maintaining or improving the health of the business. Additionally, HR managers can monitor the state of the job market to help the organization stay competitive. This could include making sure compensation and benefits are fair, events are planned to keep employees from burning out and job roles are adapted based on the market. How does HRM work?Human resources management works through dedicated HR professionals, who are responsible for the day-to-day execution of HR-related functions. Typically, human resources will comprise an entire department within each organization. HR departments across different organizations can vary in size, structure and nature of their individual positions. For smaller organizations, it is not uncommon to have a handful of HR generalists, who each perform a broad array of HR functions. Larger organizations may have more specialized roles, with individual employees dedicated to functions such as recruiting, immigration and visa handling, talent management, benefits, compensation and more. Though these HR positions are differentiated and specialized, job functions may still overlap with each other. Amazon is an example of a large company with multiple types of specialized HR positions. Amazon's career website lists 15 different HR job titles:
Objectives of human resource managementThe objectives of HRM can be broken down into four broad categories:
Within the unit of each organization, the objectives of HRM are to:
Skills and responsibilities of an HR managerHRM can be broken down into subsections, typically by pre-employment and employment phases, with an HR manager assigned to each. Different areas of HRM oversight can include the following:
Skills that can add value to HR managers include:
HRM softwareAlmost all areas of HRM have sophisticated software that automates varying degrees of many HR processes, along with other added features such as analytics. For example, job candidate recruiting has seen enormous growth in the number of software platforms and systems that help both employers and job seekers to electronically match organizations and candidates with each other and then help manage the interviewing, hiring and employment processes. While some HRM software systems started out on premises, nearly every area of HR tech, especially HCM systems, is moving to cloud-based software as a service (SaaS) platforms.
HRM career opportunities and requirementsWhen looking to start a career in human resource management, a bachelor's degree is typically required. Some colleges offer specific human resource management degrees, which can be one path into an entry-level HR position. Another way to land a job in HR is to complete an undergraduate course of study in a related field, such as business administration. Furthermore, several years of experience in operations-heavy roles may prove valuable when making a career transition into HR positions. For those lacking a relevant undergraduate degree or translatable work experience, there are also HR-specific master's degree programs to help build the necessary knowledge, skill sets and qualifications. Modern HRM historyThe birth of modern human resource management can be traced back to the 18th century. The British Industrial Revolution, giving rise to many large factories, created an unprecedented spike in worker demand. With many of these laborers putting in long hours (often clocking in around 16-hour workdays), it became increasingly apparent that the happiness of workers had a strong positive correlation with productivity. Seeking to maximize return on investments, worker satisfaction programs started to be introduced. Furthermore, factory labor conditions brought worker safety and rights to the forefront of legal attention. Early HR departments within organizations in the 20th century were often known as personnel management departments. The personnel management departments dealt with legal compliance and employee-related issues, and also implemented worker satisfaction and safety programs within the workplace. Following WWII in the United States, personnel management departments looked to the Army's training programs and started to make employee training a point of emphasis. HR departments started to assume the name of "human resources" in the 1970s. The primary factor that differentiates HR from personnel management is the technological enablement of better communications and access to individual employee information. HRM trendsJob opportunities for careers in human resource management remain strong. The Wall Street Journal, in an analysis of data released by the Bureau of Labor Statistics (BLS), ranked the "HR manager" job title as the 35th (out of 800) most promising prospect, based on median salaries in 2018 and projected job openings in 2028. Generally speaking, human resources as a field is on the upswing. Companies are increasingly recognizing the strategic difference a good HR department can make and are investing in them accordingly. As a result, HR jobs are growing in demand. There is expected to be a 7% growth in HR manager job titles alone within the United States from 2018 to 2028. Furthermore, salary prospects remain strong, with the median HR manager salary currently sitting at around $113,000. For HR specialist positions, median salaries sit at around $60,000. This was last updated in December 2020 Continue Reading About human resource management (HRM)
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Why human resource management is important to all manager?HR management helps bridge the gap between employees' performance and the organisation's strategic objectives. Moreover, an efficient HR management team can give firms an edge over their competition. Recruitment: One of the major responsibilities of a HR manager is to recruit personnel.
Why is human resource management important to all managers quizlet?Why is HR management important to all managers? - Avoid personnel mistakes. - Improve profits and performance. The right to make decisions, to direct the work of others, and to give orders.
Which of the following functions of human resource management is the most important?Recruiting really is the most important function of human resources.
Why is human resource the most important of all resources?Expert-verified answer
Human resource is considered to be the best resource because humans can make the best use of the resources if they have knowledge, education and technology to do so. Human beings are not only the consumer of national asset s, they can also be creators of national wealth.
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Which of the following best explains why human resource management is important to all managers
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