Which client diagnosis would require the nurse to initiate droplet precaution?

Precautions

  • Precautions Home
  • Standard Precautions
  • Contact Precautions
  • Droplet Precautions
  • Airborne Precautions
  • Full Barrier Precautions

Airborne Precautions

Airborne precautions are required to protect against airborne transmission of infectious agents.

Diseases requiring airborne precautions include, but are not limited to: Measles, Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS), Varicella (chickenpox), and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Airborne precautions apply to patients known or suspected to be infected with microorganisms transmitted by airborne droplet nuclei.

Preventing airborne transmission requires personal respiratory protection and special ventilation and air handling.

Additional Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Airborne Precautions

Airborne precautions are in addition to Standard Precautions

PLUS

Masks and Respirators

  • Wear an N95 Respirator
    Prior fit-testing that must be repeated annually and fit-check / seal-check prior to each use.
    OR
    Powered Air-Purifying Respirator (PAPR)
  • The respirator should be donned prior to room entry and removed after exiting room

Additional Procedures

Room

  • Airborne Infection Isolation Room (AIIR)
    At a minimum, AIIR rooms must:
    • Provide negative pressure room with a minimum of 6 air exchanges per hour (existing facility in compliance with codes at time of construction) or 12 air changes per hour (new construction/renovation)
    • Exhaust directly to the outside or through HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filtration
  • If an AIIR is not available:
    • Provide a facemask (e.g., procedure or surgical mask) to the patient and place the patient immediately in an exam room with a closed door
    • Instruct the patient to keep the facemask on while in the exam room, if possible, and to change the mask if it becomes wet
    • Initiate protocol to transfer patient to a health care facility that has the recommended infection-control capacity to properly manage the patient

Patient

  • Have patient enter through a separate entrance to the facility (e.g., dedicated isolation entrance), if available, to avoid the reception and registration area
  • Instruct patient to wear a facemask when exiting the exam room, avoid coming into close contact with other patients , and practice respiratory hygiene and cough etiquette
  • Once the patient leaves, the exam room should remain vacant for generally one hour before anyone enters; however, adequate wait time may vary depending on the ventilation rate of the room and should be determined accordingly

How airborne transmission occurs:

Airborne transmission occurs through the dissemination of either:

  • airborne droplet nuclei (small-particles [5 micrometers or smaller] of evaporated droplets containing microorganisms that remain suspended in the air for long periods of time) or
  • dust particles that contain an infectious agent

Microorganisms carried by the airborne route can be widely dispersed by air currents and may become inhaled by a susceptible host in the same room or over a long distance form the source patient – depending on environmental factors such as temperature and ventilation.

see also>>Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) for Infection Control
see also>>Respiratory Protection Progam

Last Updated: 10/04/2022

Which client diagnosis would require the nurse to initiate droplet precaution?
If the person you are visiting is on transmission-based precautions (e.g., contact, droplet, or airborne isolation), talk to the nurse before entering the room to find out what steps you will have to take—such as, wearing a mask, a gown, and/or gloves.

In many different healthcare settings, transmission-based precautions are used to help stop the spread of germs from one person to another. The goal is to protect patients, their families, other visitors, and healthcare workers—and stop germs from spreading across a healthcare setting.

There are three different types of transmission precautions:

  1. Contact Precautions—used for infections, diseases, or germs that are spread by touching the patient or items in the room (examples: MRSA, VRE, diarrheal illnesses, open wounds, RSV).
  2. Droplet Precautions—used for diseases or germs that are spread in tiny droplets caused by coughing and sneezing (examples: pneumonia, influenza, whooping cough, bacterial meningitis).
  3. Airborne Precautions—used for diseases or very small germs that are spread through the air from one person to another (examples: tuberculosis, measles, chickenpox).

If you or a family member has been placed on transmission precautions, there will be a sign at the door of your hospital room to remind visitors and healthcare workers which precautions are needed. It is important to understand what this means for you and what you should expect from the hospital staff.

All visitors and healthcare workers should follow the isolation precautions. In some cases, this means visitors (and visits) may have to be limited. Visitors should not eat or drink in these rooms and should always clean their hands before entering the room and upon exiting the room.

Which client diagnosis would require the nurse to initiate droplet precautions?

Droplet precautions are necessary when a patient infected with a pathogen, such as influenza, is within three to six feet of the patient. Infections are transmittable through air droplets by coughing, sneezing, talking, and close contact with an infected patient's breathing.

Which action should the nurse take when caring for a client with droplet precautions?

If on Droplet Precautions, the patient should wear a surgical- type face mask and follow cough etiquette when outside of their room. For patients in airborne infection isolation, the patient should also wear a surgical face mask and follow cough etiquette.

Which interventions should the nurse implement when providing care for a client on protective isolation?

Droplet Isolation Precautions.
Wear A Mask. ... .
Wear Goggles. ... .
Remove PPE and Perform Hand Washing After Completing Care and Leaving the Room. ... .
The Patient Should Be in a Negative-Pressure Room. ... .
Wear an Appropriate Respirator. ... .
Dispose of PPE in the Adjunct Room, Not Another Patient's Room..

Which signs and symptoms would indicate to the nurse that the client is having an anaphylactic response after receiving penicillin?

Symptoms of anaphylaxis might include not only skin symptoms, but also any of the following: Tightness in the chest and difficulty breathing. Swelling of the tongue, throat, nose and lips. Dizziness and fainting or loss of consciousness, which can lead to shock and heart failure.