Aspiration occurs when food, secretions, fluids, or other substances enter the airways or lungs. When you swallow, the epiglottis should close over the trachea which prevents food or fluids from entering the trachea (often called the windpipe). If this mechanism fails, unintended substances can end up in the lungs which can cause complications such as aspiration pneumonia. Sometimes gastric contents can also reflux which causes stomach contents to regurgitate into the esophagus. Symptoms such as vomiting and belching can cause aspiration in vulnerable patients. Show
Older adults, those with a compromised airway or impaired gag reflexes, or the presence of oral, nasal, or gastric tubes are at an increased risk. Aspiration causes choking, respiratory complications, infections, and can be fatal if not quickly recognized and treated. Prevention is the first step as the nurse should assess for risk factors prior to feeding or medicating patients and institute aspiration precautions for those with swallowing difficulties.
Note: A risk diagnosis is not evidenced by signs and symptoms as the problem has not yet occurred and the goal of nursing interventions are aimed at prevention. Expected Outcomes
1. Identify patients at an increased risk for aspiration. 2. Determine level of consciousness. 3. Assess gag reflex and ability to safely swallow. 4. Monitor for signs of aspiration after oral intake. 5. Monitor for tubes that increase aspiration risk. 6. Auscultate
lung sounds and assess respiratory status. Nursing Interventions for Risk For Aspiration1. Keep suctioning equipment at the bedside. 2. Performing suctioning as necessary. 3. Keep the head of the bed elevated after feeding. 4. Implement other feeding techniques. 5. Consult with speech therapy. 6. Follow diet modifications. 7.
Position properly. 8. Educate about conditions that can cause aspiration. 9. Request medication formulation changes. 10. Monitor tube-feeding patients closely. 11. Provide mouth care. References and Sources
What is an appropriate technique for the nurse to use to prevent aspiration?Always chew your food well before swallowing. Eat and drink slowly. Sit up straight when eating or drinking, if you can.
What is an appropriate technique for the nurse to use to prevent aspiration when assisting a client with meals quizlet?What is an appropriate technique for the nurse to use to prevent aspiration when assisting a patient with meals? Have the patient sit up for 30 minutes after eating. The nurse is caring for a patient with a postsurgical wound dehiscence who is being treated with a wet-to-dry dressing.
What should a nurse do to prevent aspiration of feeding contents?If unable to sit up for a bolus feed or if receiving continuous feeding, the head of the bed should be elevated 30-45 degrees during feeding and for at least 30 minutes after the feed to reduce the risk of aspiration.
What are interventions to prevent aspiration?Interventions to prevent aspiration in older adults with dysphagia living in nursing homes included: more bedside evaluation, modification of dietary, creating an appropriate environment for swallowing, providing appropriate feeding assistance, appropriate posture or maneuver for swallowing, appropriate rehabilitation ...
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