According to the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases, emerging infectious diseases are commonly defined as: Outbreaks of previously unknown
diseases Known diseases that are rapidly increasing in incidence or geographic range in the last 2 decades Persistence of infectious diseases that cannot be controlled. Emerging diseases include HIV infections, SARS, Lyme disease, Escherichia coli O157:H7 (E. coli), hantavirus, dengue fever, West Nile virus, and the Zika virus. Reemerging diseases are diseases that reappear after they have been on a significant decline. Reemergence may happen because of a breakdown in public health measures for diseases that were once under control. They can also happen when new strains of known disease-causing organisms appear. Human behavior affects reemergence. For example, overuse of antibiotics has led to disease-causing organisms that are resistant to medicines. It has allowed a return of diseases that once were treatable and controllable. Reemerging diseases include malaria, tuberculosis, cholera, pertussis, influenza, pneumococcal disease, and gonorrhea. Travelers should be aware that some diseases thought to be under control in the United States may be experiencing an outbreak in other countries. Ask for information and take precautions before being exposed to one of these diseases. What is the risk of emerging infectious diseases?Traveling abroad can put you at risk for infectious diseases that are not widespread in the United States. Travelers who become ill in a country where treatment for these diseases may be somewhat limited are even more at risk. All people planning travel should become informed about the potential hazards of the countries they are traveling to. Learn how to reduce their risk of getting these diseases. Why are travel-related infectious diseases on the rise?It is believed that increased global travel is the reason for the recent renewal of many infectious diseases in the United States. The number of people traveling internationally is increasing every year, and more people are taking trips to remote parts of the world. These often have unfamiliar health problems as well as underdeveloped healthcare services. Many travelers are also unaware of potential hazards in different parts of the world and do not take the necessary precautions. These include getting necessary vaccines or taking preventive medicine. Many of the newly discovered infections have actually been in existence for a long time, but healthcare providers have not seen them in areas where new outbreaks happen. With people's ability today to travel anywhere in the world within 36 hours or less, formerly little-known infections are picked up and rapidly spread to areas where they previously did not exist. How can travelers reduce their risk from infectious diseases?Travel abroad does not need to result in an illness from infectious diseases. Taking these measures can help reduce the risk to people traveling internationally:
What are some factors in the emergence or re emergence of infectious diseases?Changes in global population demographics and distribution. ... . Human behavior and societal change. ... . Environmental change and land use. ... . Chronic manifestations of infectious diseases. ... . Enhanced pathogen detection. ... . Microbial evolution. ... . Breakdown of the public health system and bioterrorism.. What are 3 factors that contribute to the spread of emerging infections?These include ecological, environmental, or demographic factors that place people at increased contact with a previously unfamiliar microbe or its natural host or promote dissemination.
What are the 4 emerging infectious diseases?Vector-borne emerging infectious diseases
In the United States, the most common pathogens are transmitted by ticks and mosquitoes, including Lyme disease, Rocky Mountain spotted fever, West Nile, dengue, and Zika virus diseases.
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