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Terms in this set (27)people The Triangle Trade that emerged in the early 1500s resulted in an unprecedented level of economic, social, and military activity between Europe, Africa, and the Americas. The European effort to expand their own economic power in the Caribbean quickly proved unsustainable due to a shortage of what essential commodity? progress Development is frequently considered to be a way to spur economic growth and a path toward what? It was the first independent former colony to be ruled by people of African descent. Why is Haiti considered a significant former colony? Food surpluses often go to wealthy industrialized nations. Industrialized agriculture is noted in the text as having yielded dramatic increases in the overall food supply of the planet. At the same time, poverty and starvation have also gotten worse. What is the primary reason for this discrepancy? peripheral In its critique of modernization, modern world systems analysis argues that the source of raw materials today is ________ nations, the same as it was during the height of colonial expansion. the level of intensity needed in the process Both horticulture and agriculture focus on the use of plants as a source of food. What is the difference between them? We have exceeded the ability of the planet to provide for our needs. The text suggests that "ecological overshoot" is a likely consequence of our current global economy. What exactly does this mean? Government must reign in the excesses of capitalism. What argument did Keynes advance about how capitalism works best? a leveling mechanism Did you get a tax refund last year? If you did, you have experienced redistribution. What would an anthropologist consider this to be? redistribution In the United States, what form of economic system is taxation? The ability of the nation-state to regulate what occurs within its borders is being steadily eroded. What is one result of the globalization of finance? resources Critics of modernization suggest that underdevelopment is the result of postcolonialism, and that poor countries today cannot participate in the global economy because it is structured to extract and transfer what to developed nations? They frequently suffer physical and emotional stress as underpaid employees working long hours. How does the author describe the Chinese immigrants who enter the United States through New York as restaurant workers? landless tenants as wage laborers Which of the following distinguishes agriculture in nonindustrial states from agriculture in egalitarian societies? in environments (cold places, forests, islands) where other strategies for food production are not sustainable Today fewer than 250,000 people make their primary living from food foraging. Where do the remaining food foragers often live? Smith's belief in laissez-faire—"leave it alone"—economics calls for a free market. How are today's privatization programs, often associated with neoliberalism, an unsurprising result of Adam Smith's perspective on economic growth? World War II What major event set the stage for the end of European colonialism? Agriculture uses labor and technology such as irrigation systems and plows. Agriculture is an intensive farming strategy involving permanent cultivation of the land. What is an important characteristic of this process? their involvement with copper mining and trade Robert Gordon's ethnography of the Bushmen challenges many stereotyped beliefs about foraging societies and notes their ethnic diversity and linguistic diversity. What is one of the surprising elements that Gordon's work reveals? Former colonies did not experience the expected levels of growth. Why did some critics question the economic development strategies used by Western nations after World War II to address structural imbalances in the global economy? One can trace the hands through which fish pass in a network that connects previously unconnected people and locations. How does the Tsukiji fish market demonstrate the nature of a global commodity chain? Traders used long-distance overland routes through Asia and eastern Europe. Prior to the European exploration of the Americas, how were trade routes between China and Europe accomplished? silk What is the commodity most closely associated with early Chinese trade routes? Generalized reciprocity occurs between those with close ties. What is the primary difference, from an anthropological perspective, between balanced reciprocity and generalized reciprocity? privatize state-owned enterprises Which of these are requirements faced by governments receiving structural adjustment loans under neoliberal economic policies? cheap labor Immanuel Wallerstein's modern world systems analysis sees nations and regions as divided into different groups in terms of economic dominance. These include core, semiperiphery, and periphery groups. What is one defining characteristic of the periphery group? industrial agriculture Which of the following has the greatest carrying capacity? 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Former colonies did not experience the expected levels of growth.
Do European Industrial Revolution of the 18th and 19th centuries relied on colonies for?The European Industrial Revolution of the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries relied on colonies for: raw materials, cheap labor, and markets in the colonial territories.
What is the central focus of visual anthropologists?Overall, the main focus of visual anthropology is on the study of observable culture and visual systems, the production and use of visual texts and the utilization of visual material and text in anthropological research. Visual anthropology is central to anthropology because of its reflexive nature.
How does the author describe the Chinese immigrants who enter the United States through New York as restaurant workers?How does the author describe the Chinese immigrants who enter the United States through New York as restaurant workers? They frequently suffer physical and emotional stress as underpaid employees working long hours. Neoliberalism is associated with: supporting fair trade to return profits to producers.
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Development is frequently considered to be a way to spur economic growth and a path toward what?
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