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The Office of the First Lady has increased in size since First Ladies such as Eleanor Roosevelt have become increasingly active in public life. Just as the power of the presidency has grown tremendously in recent years, so have the numbers of people that surround the executive branch. George Washington began his first term with only one aide — his nephew — who he paid out of his own pocket. Today many advisors in the White House office, the Cabinet, and the Executive Office assist the President. The Vice President and the First Lady also have large staffs that complement all the President's aides. The CabinetThe informal advisory body known as the Cabinet is not mentioned in the Constitution. The founders had discussed the idea of some form of national executive council, and George Washington appointed four Cabinet members (Secretary of State, Secretary of the Treasury, Secretary of War, and the Attorney General) shortly after his inauguration. Elizabeth Dole was the first person to hold two cabinet positions. She was Secretary of Labor under Reagan, and Secretary of Transportation under Bush. By custom, each member of this advisory group heads a major department, so that their loyalties are almost always split. Cabinet members must provide good advice to the President. But, they also must promote the well-being of their departments, sometimes at the expense of other Cabinet departments. Cabinet members are appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate. They may be dismissed at any time. The size of the President's Cabinet has increased over the years as Presidents have recognized demands for services and governmental action. As the size of the Cabinet and their respective departments have grown, Presidents have come to rely more heavily on members of the Executive Office and the White House Staff. THE U.S. CABINET
The Executive OfficeFranklin Roosevelt created the Executive Office of the President in 1939 to administer his New Deal programs. Today it consists of several advisory agencies that have worked closely with Presidents, particularly in recent years. The advisers in the Executive Office play key roles in advancing the President's agenda. Three of the most important agencies include the following:
The White House OfficeWhite House Office staff members are not subject to Senate confirmation, nor do they have divided loyalties. They serve the President as an "inner circle" of most trusted advisers. Many have offices in the West Wing of the White House, and they often compete for space as close as possible to the President's Oval Office. Their titles include Special Assistant, Counsel, Aide, and Press Secretary. Staff members gather information, write reports, give advice, lobby lawmakers, and present the President's views to the media. The Chief of Staff is usually particularly influential as the director of all the operations of the White House Office. The job of presiding over the nation's government requires many assistants and administrators. Some people have criticized recent Presidents for having such a large staff in the executive offices. Recent Presidents have tried to cut back, but they generally have found that this large, complex country would be difficult to run without them. For what reasons do presidents tend to rely more on their White House staff than on their cabinet?For what reasons do presidents tend to rely more on their White House staff than on the cabinet? Many presidents trust the White House staff more than the cabinet, and think they are more likely to keep things confidential. They also do not need to be approved by Congress.
How does the White House staff differ from the president's cabinet?The Cabinet is more loyal to the president than is the White House staff. The Cabinet works more closely with the president than does the White House staff. The White House staff must perform their job duties in accordance with congressional legislation, while the Cabinet has no such restraints.
What is the difference between the Cabinet and the Executive Office of the President?The Cabinet is an advisory body made up of the heads of the 15 executive departments. Appointed by the President and confirmed by the Senate, the members of the Cabinet are often the President's closest confidants.
How does the White House Office help the president?The EOP has responsibility for tasks ranging from communicating the President's message to the American people to promoting our trade interests abroad. The EOP, overseen by the White House Chief of Staff, has traditionally been home to many of the President's closest advisers.
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Why do you think a President might rely more on the White House office than on the Cabinet for counsel?
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