@@ Show At < Less Than > Greater Than Aa Artery A (see acc.) Accommodation (see acc.) A Acetum A Angström Unit A Anode A Anterior A&D (see Adm.) Admission and Discharge A&E Accident and Emergency A/CA Accommodative/Convergence Accommodation Ratio A/G, or A-G ratio Albumin/Globulin Ratio a¯ Before aa Of Each, Equal Parts, Arteries AAA Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm AAPB Association of Applied Psychophysiology and Biofeedback AARP American Association of Retired Persons AASM American Academy of Sleep Medicine AAT Animal-Assisted Therapy AATH American Association for Therapeutic Humor ABC Airway, Breathing, Circulation ABD, Abd, Abdo Abdominal, or Abdomen ABG Arterial Blood Gases ABI Ankle-Brachial Index ABO Blood Types ABR Absolute Bed Rest (See CBR) AC Adrenal Cortex, Air Conduction, Alternating Current, or Axiocervical ac or a.c. Before Meals acc. (see A) Accommodation (see A) ACE Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme ACIP Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices ACLS Advanced Cardiac Life Support ACS American Cancer Society ACTH Adrenocorticotropic Hormone AD Alzheimer's Disease AD Right Ear AD Admitting Diagnosis AD Advance Directive ad lib Freely, as Desired, if the Patient So Desires ad sat. To Saturation Ad. Spec. Admission Urine Specimen ADA Americans With Disabilities Act ADH Antidiuretic Hormone ADHD Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder ADL Activities of Daily Living Adm. (see A&D) Admission and Discharge admov. Apply ADN Associate Degree Nurse (Nursing) AEB As Evidenced By AED Antiepileptic Drug AF Atrial Fibrillation AFB Acid-Fast Bacillus AFP Alpha-Fetoprotein AGC Atypical Glandular Cells AHA American Hospital Association AHCA American Health Care Association AHCPR Agency for Health Care Policy and Research AHF Antihemophilic Factor AHNA American Holistic Nurses' Association AHRQ Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality AI Adequate Intake AI Aortic Incompetence, or Aortic Insufficiency AICD Automatic Implantable Cardiac Defibrillator AIDS Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome AK Above the Knee AKA Above Knee Amputation ALFA Assisted Living Federation of America ALT Alanine Aminotransferase AM/am/A.M./a.m. Morning (After Midnight and Before Midday) AMA Against Medical Advice AMA American Medical Association Amb Ambulatory, Walking, Able to Walk Amt Amount ANA American Nurses Association ANA Antinuclear Antibody Angio Angiogram AoA Administration on Aging AP Anterior/Posterior AP Apical Pulse AP Appendectomy APIC Association for Practitioners In Infection Control and Epidemiology Approx. Approximately APRN Advance Practice Registered Nurse APS Adult Protective Services APS American Pain Society APTT Activated Partial Thromboplastin Time aqua Water or H2O AROM Active Range of Motion AS Left Ear ASA Acetylsalicylic Acid ASO Antistreptolysin-O AST Aspartate Aminotransferase AT Axillary Temperature ATC Around the Clock ATP Adenosine Triphosphatase AU Both Ears AV Atrioventricular BB1 Thiamine B12 Cobalamin B2 Riboflavin B6 Pyridoxine Ba Barium BA Bowel Action Ba Meal Barium Meal BBA Balanced Budget Act BCC Basal Cell Carcinoma BD, bd, or bid Twice A Day BE Base Excess BGL Blood Glucose Level BK Below Knee BKA Below Knee Amputation BMD Bone Mineral Density BMI Body Mass Index BMR Basal Metabolic Rate BNO Bowels Not Opened BO Bowels Opened BP or B/P Blood Pressure BPH Benign Prostatic Hypertrophy BPM Beats Per Minute BSA Body Surface Area BSE Breast Self-Examination BSI Body Substance Isolation BSL Blood Sugar Level BSN Bachelor of Science In Nursing BUN Blood Urea Nitrogen BWO Bowels Wide Opened Cc Cup C Celsius C & S Culture and Sensitivity C/A Complementary/Alternative C/O Complaint Of c¯ With Ca Calcium or Cancer Ca++ Calcium Ion CaBG Coronary Artery Bypass Graft CaCl2 Calcium Chloride CAD Coronary Artery Disease CAI Computer-Assisted Instruction CAM Complementary/Alternative Medicine cap Capsule Card Cardiac CARF Commission on Accreditation of Rehabilitation Facilities CAT Computed Axial Tomography CAT Computerized Adaptive Testing Cath Catheter CBC Complete Blood Count CBD Common Bile Duct CBE Charting By Exception CBR Complete Bed Rest (See ABR) cc Cubic Centimeter CCF (see CHF) Congestive Cardiac Failure (See CHF) CCRC Continuing Care Retirement Community CCU (see CICU) Coronary Care Unit, or Cardiac Care Unit (See CICU) CDC Centers for Disease Control and Prevention CEA Carcinoembryonic Antigen CEPN-LTC™ Certification Examination for Practical and Vocational Nurses In Long-Term Care CEU Continuing Education Unit CHAP Community Health Accreditation Program CHD Coronary Heart Disease CHF (see CCF) Congestive Heart Failure (See CCF) CHIP Children's Health Insurance Program CHO Carbohydrate (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen) CHON Protein (Carbon, Hydrogen, Oxygen, Nitrogen) CICU (see CCU) Coronary Care Unit, or Cardiac Care Unit (See CCU) CK or CPK Creatine Kinase or Creatine Phosphokinase Cl Chlorine, Chloride Cl− Chloride Ion CLTC Certified In Long-Term Care cm Centimeter CMS Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services CN Cranial Nerve CNA Certified Nursing Assistant CNC Clinical Nursing Consultant CNM Certified Nurse Midwife CNO Community Nursing Organization CNS Central Nervous System CNS Clinical Nurse Specialist Co Cobalt consult Consultation CO2 Carbon Dioxide CO2− Carbon Dioxide Ion COBRA Comprehensive Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act COOH Carboxyl Group COPD Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease CPAP Continuous Positive Airway Pressure CPNP Council of Practical Nursing Programs CPR Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation CPR Computerized Patient Record Cr Chromium CRNA Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist CRP C-Reactive Protein C&S Culture and Sensitivity CSF Cerebrospinal Fluid CSM Circulation, Sensation, Motion CT Computed Tomography CT scan Computerized Axial Tomography Scan Cu Copper CVA Cerebrovascular Accident or Stroke CVC Central Venous Catheter CXR Chest X-Ray CWMS Color, Warmth, Movement, Sensation DD5W Dextrose 5% In Water D & C Dilatation and Curettage DAR Document, Action, Response DC or d/c Discontinue or Discharge DDB Disciplinary Data Bank DDS Doctor of Dental Surgery DEA Drug Enforcement Agency DHHS Department of Health and Human Services DIC Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation DICC Dynamic Infusion Cavernosometry and Cavernosography dL Deciliter DMD Diabetes Mellitus DMD Doctor of Dental Medicine DNA Deoxyribonucleic Acid DNR Do Not Resuscitate DO Doctor of Osteopathy DOA Dead on Arrival DOB Date of Birth DPAHC Durable Power of Attorney for Health Care dr Dram DRG Diagnosis-Related Group DRI Dietary Reference Intake DSM-V Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 5th Edition DST Dexamethasone Suppression Test DT Delirium Tremens DTaP Diphtheria, Tetanus, Acellular Pertussis DTP Diphtheria, Tetanus, Pertussis DVT Deep Vein Thrombosis DX Diagnosis EEAR Estimated Average Requirement ECF Extended Care Facility ECF Extracellular Fluid ECG (EKG) Electrocardiogram ED Emergency Department EDTA Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid EEG Electroencephalograph/Electroencephalogram EGD Esophagogastroduodenoscopy EKG (ECG) Electrocardiogram ELISA Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay elix Elixir EMG Electromyogram EMLA Eutectic (Cream) Mixture of Local Anesthetics EMS Emergency Medical Services EMT Emergency Medical Technician EMT-P Emergency Medical Technician-Paramedic EPA Environmental Protection Agency EPO Exclusive Provider Organization ER Emergency Room ERCP Endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatogram ERG Electroretinogram ERT Estrogen Replacement Therapy ESR Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate ET Ear (Tympanic) Temperature EVAD Explantable Venous Access Device FF Fahrenheit FAS Fetal Alcohol Syndrome FBS Fasting Blood Sugar FCA False Claims Act FDA Food and Drug Administration Fe Iron FeSO4 Iron Sulfate FF Forced Feeding, or Forced Fluids fl Fluid Fl Fluorine FOBT Fecal Occult Blood Test FSH Follicle-Stimulating Hormone ft Foot or Feet FVD Fluid Volume Deficit Fx Fracture Gg Gram GAO General Accounting Office GAS General Adaptation Syndrome GCS Glasgow Coma Scale g/dL Grams Per Deciliter GED General Education Development GER Gastroesophageal Reflux GFR Glomerular Filtration Rate GGT (see GGTP) Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (see GGTP) GGTP (see GGT) Gamma-Glutamyl Transpeptidase (see GGT) GH Growth Hormone GHB Glycosylated Hemoglobin GI Gastrointestinal gr Grain gtt Drop GTT Glucose Tolerance Test gtt/min Drops Per Minute GU Genitourinary Gyn Gynecology Hh Hour(S) H+ Hydrogen Ion H2CO3 Carbonic Acid H2O Water H&H Hemoglobin and Hematocrit HB5AG Hepatitis B Surface Antigen HBV Hepatitis B Virus HCFA Health Care Financing Administration hCG Human Chorionic Gonadotropin HCl Hydrochloric Acid, Hydrochloride HCO3− Bicarbonate Ion Hct Hematocrit HCV Hepatitis C Virus HDL High Density Lipoprotein HDV Hepatitis D Virus Hep B Hepatitis B HFA Hospice Foundation of America Hg Mercury Hgb Hemoglobin HICPAC Hospital Infection Control Practices Advisory Committee HIS Hospital Information System HIV Human Immunodeficiency Virus HLA Human Leukocyte Antigen HMO Health Maintenance Organization HOB Head of Bed HPO4 Phosphate HR Heart Rate HRSA Health Resources and Services Administration h.s. Hour of Sleep II Iodine I&O Intake and Output IADLs Instrumental Activities of Daily Living IASP International Association for the Study of Pain ICF Intermediate Care Facility ICF Intracellular Fluid ICN International Council of Nurses ICU Intensive Care Unit ID Identification ID Intradermal IgG Immunoglobulin G IgM Immunoglobulin M IHCT Interdisciplinary Health Care Team IM Intramuscular in Inch INR International Normalized Ratio I&O Intake and Output IOL Intraocular Lens IOM Institute of Medicine Isol Isolation ITT Insulin Tolerance Test IV Intravenous IVAD Implantable Vascular Access Device IVP Intravenous Push, Intravenous Pyelogram IVPB Intravenous Piggyback JJCAHO Joint Commission on Accreditation of Healthcare Organizations KK Potassium K+ Potassium Ion kcal Kilocalorie KCl Potassium Chloride kg Kilogram KS Ketosteroids KUB Kidneys/Ureters/Bladder KVO Keep Vein Open LL Liter LAS Local Adaptation Syndrome lb Pound LDH Lactic Dehydrogenase LDL Low Density Lipoprotein LE Lupus Erythematosus LES Lower Esophageal Sphincter LFT Liver Function Test LH Luteinizing Hormone LLQ Left Lower Quadrant LMP Last Menstrual Period L/min Liters Per Minute LOC Level of Consciousness LP Lumbar Puncture LP/VN Licensed Practical/Vocational Nurse LPN Licensed Practical Nurse LUQ Left Upper Quadrant LVN Licensed Vocational Nurse Mm Meter m2 Square Meter MAO Monoamine Oxidase MAOI Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitor MAR Medication Administration Record mcg (or μg) Microgram MD Doctor of Medicine MDI Metered-Dose Inhaler MDR Multidrug-Resistant MDR-TB Multidrug-Resistant Tuberculosis MDS Minimum Data Set mEq Milliequivalent mEq/L Milliequivalents Per Liter mg Milligram mg/dL Milligrams Per Deciliter Mg Magnesium Mg++ Magnesium Ion MgCl Magnesium Chloride MgSO4 Magnesium Sulfate MI Myocardial Infarction min Minute mL Milliliter mm3 Cubic Millimeter mm Hg Millimeters of Mercury mmol/L Millimoles Per Liter MMR Measles, Mumps, Rubella Mn Manganese Mo Molybdenum MOM Milk of Magnesia mOsm/kg Milliosmoles/Kilogram MRI Magnetic Resonance Imaging MRSA Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus MS Morphine Sulfate MSDS Material Safety Data Sheet MUGA Multi-Gated Acquisition NN2 Nitrogen Na Sodium Na+ Sodium Ion Na2SO4 Sodium Sulfate NaCl Sodium Chloride NA Not Applicable NADSA National Adult Day Services Associations NaH2PO4 Sodium Dihydrogen Phosphate Na2HPO4 Disodium Phosphate NAHC National Association for Home Care NaHCO3 Sodium Bicarbonate NaHPO4 Sodium Monohydrogen Phosphate NANDA North American Nursing Diagnosis Association NaOH Sodium Hydroxide NAPNE National Association of Practical Nurse Education NAPNES National Association for Practical Nurse Education and Services NCCAM National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine NCHS National Center for Health Statistics NCLEX® National Council Licensure Examination NCLEX-PN® National Council Licensure Examination—Practical Nurse NCLEX-RN® National Council Licensure Examination—Registered Nurse NCLD National Center for Learning Disabilities NCOA National Council on Aging NCSBN National Council of State Boards of Nursing NCVHS National Committee on Vital and Health Statistics NF National Formulary NFLPN National Federation of Licensed Practical Nurses, Inc. NG Nasogastric NH2 Amino Group NHO National Hospice Organization NIA National Institute on Aging NIC Nursing Interventions Classification NICU Neonatal Intensive Care Unit NIH National Institutes of Health NIOSH National Institute of Occupational Safety and Health NIS Nursing Information System NLEA Nutrition, Labeling, and Education Act NLN National League for Nursing NLNAC National League for Nursing Accrediting Commission NMDS Nursing Minimum Data Set NOC Nursing Outcomes Classification Noct At Night NP Nurse Practitioner NPDB National Practitioner Data Bank NPO Nil per os, Latin for “Nothing By Mouth” NREM Non-Rapid Eye Movement NS Normal Saline NSAID Nonsteroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drug NSF National Sleep Foundation NPO Nothing By Mouth OO&P Ova and Parasite O2 Oxygen OAM Office of Alternative Medicine OBRA Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act OD Right Eye OH− Hydroxyl OR Operating Room ORIF Open Reduction/Internal Fixation OS Left Eye OSHA Occupational Safety and Health Administration OT Occupational Therapist OT Oral Temperature OTC Over-The-Counter OU Both Eyes oz Ounce Pp¯ After P Phosphorus P Pulse PA Physician's Assistant PA Posteroanterior PaCO2 Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide PaO2 Partial Pressure of Oxygen Pap Papanicolaou Test PAR Postanesthesia Room p.c. After Meals PCA Patient-Controlled Analgesia PCO2(PaCO2) Partial Pressure of Carbon Dioxide PCP Primary Care Provider PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction PCV Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine PDPH Postdural Puncture Headache PEG Percutaneous Endoscopic Gastrostomy PERRLA Pupils Equal, Round, Reactive to Light and Accommodation PET Positron Emission Tomography PFT Pulmonary Function Test pH Potential Hydrogen PICC Peripherally Inserted Central Catheter PICU Pediatric Intensive Care Unit PIE Problem, Implementation, Evaluation PKU Phenylketonuria PLMS Periodic Limb Movements In Sleep PMI Point of Maximum Intensity PMR Progressive Muscle Relaxation PMS Premenstrual Syndrome PNI Psychoneuroimmunology PNS Peripheral Nervous System PO By Mouth (Per os In Latin) PO2(PaO2) Partial Pressure of Oxygen PO4−− Phosphate Ion POMR Problem-Oriented Medical Record POR Problem-Oriented Record Post op spec After Surgery Urine Specimen PPBS Post Prandial Blood Sugar PPE Personal Protective Equipment PPG Post Prandial Glucose PPO Preferred Provider Organization PPS Prospective Payment System PRA Plasma Renin Activity PRL Prolactin Level PRN Pro Re Nata, Latin for “As Required” PRO Peer Review Organization PROM Passive Range of Motion PSA Prostate Specific Antigen PSDA Patient Self-Determination Act PSP Phenolsulfonphthalein pt Pint PT Patient PT Physical Therapist PT Prothrombin Time PTH Parathyroid Hormone PTSD Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder PTT Partial Thromboplastin Time PVD Peripheral Vascular Disease Qq Quaque, Latin for “Every” qd Every Day qh Every Hour qid Four Times A Day qod Every Other Day qs Quantity Sufficient q2h Every 2 Hours qt Quart RR (Resp) Respiration RAIU Radioactive Iodine Uptake RAST Radio Allergosorbent Test RBC Red Blood Count, Red Blood Cell RD Registered Dietician RDA Recommended Dietary Allowance REM Rapid Eye Movement RF Rheumatoid Factor RLQ Right Lower Quadrant RLS Restless Leg Syndrome RN Registered Nurse RNA Ribonucleic Acid RNFA Registered Nurse First Assistant ROM Range of Motion ROS Review of Systems RPCH Rural Primary Care Hospital RPh Registered Pharmacist RPR Rapid Plasma Reagin RR Recovery Room RSV Respiratory Syncytial Virus R/T Related To RT Rectal Temperature RT Respiratory Therapist RTI Respiratory Tract Infection RUGS Resource Utilization Group System RUQ Right Upper Quadrant RWJF Robert Wood Johnson Foundation Ss¯ Without S Sulfur SAMe S-Adenosylmethionine SaO2 Oxygen Saturation SBC School-Based Clinic SC/SQ Subcutaneous SCHIP State Children's Health Insurance Program Se Selenium SGOT Serum Glutamate Oxaloacetate Transaminase SGPT Serum Glutamic Pyruvic Transaminase SL Sublingual SNF Skilled Nursing Facility SOAP Subjective Data, Objective Data, Assessment, Plan SOAPIE Subjective Data, Objective Data, Assessment, Plan, Implementation, Evaluation SOAPIER Subjective Data, Objective Data, Assessment, Plan, Implementation, Evaluation, Revision SOB Shortness of Breath SPF Sun Protection Factor s¯s¯ One Half SSA Social Security Administration STAT/Stat Immediately, (Statim In Latin) STD Sexually Transmitted Disease supp Suppository susp Suspension SW Social Worker TT Temperature T3 Triiodothyronine T4 Thyroxine tab Tablet TAC Tetracaine, Adrenaline, Cocaine TB Tuberculosis Tbsp Tablespoon Td Tetanus/Diphtheria TDD Telecommunication Device for the Deaf TEFRA Tax Equity Fiscal Responsibility Act TENS Transcutaneous Electrical Nerve Stimulation TF Tube Feeding THA Total Hip Arthroplasty TIA Transient Ischemic Attack TIBC Total Iron Binding Capacity TICU Trauma Intensive Care Unit t.i.d. Three Times A Day TMJ Temporomandibular Joint t.o. Telephone Order TPN Total Parenteral Nutrition TPR Temperature, Pulse, Respiration Tr or tinct Tincture TRH Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone TSE Testicular Self Examination TSH Thyroid-Stimulating Hormone tsp Teaspoon UU Unit U/L Unit Per Liter UA or U/A Routine Urinalysis UAP Unlicensed Assistive Personnel UIS Universal Intellectual Standards UL Upper Intake Level UMLS Universal Medical Language System UNOS United Network for Organ Sharing U-100 100 Units Insulin Per Cc UPP Urethra Pressure Profile URQ Upper Right Quadrant USDHHS United States Department of Health and Human Services USP United States Pharmacopeia USPHS United States Public Health Service UTI Urinary Tract Infection VVA Veterans Administration, Veterans Affairs VAD Ventricular Assist Device, Vascular Access Device VAS Visual Analog Scale VDRL Venereal Disease Research Laboratory VLDL Very Low-Density Lipoprotein VMA Vanillymandelic Acid VRE Vancomycin-Resistant Enterococci VS Vital Signs WW/C Wheel Chair WBC White Blood Cell, White Blood Count WHO World Health Organization WNL Within Normal Limits WPM Words Per Minute wt Weight YYWCA Young Women's Christian Association ZZn Zinc Which of the following term refers to ear pain?Otalgia is defined as ear pain.
What is an ear assessment called?Your doctor will perform an ear examination, or otoscopy, if you have: an earache. an ear infection.
What is acute otalgia?Otalgia (ear pain) is a common presentation in the primary care setting with many diverse causes. Pain that originates from the ear is called primary otalgia, and the most common causes are otitis media and otitis externa. Examination of the ear usually reveals abnormal findings in patients with primary otalgia.
When should you refer to ear pain?Ear pain due to an infection is the most common in children and can occur in babies. Adults may need further evaluation if they have hearing loss, dizziness or ringing in the ear. Additional red flags include diabetes, a weakened immune system, swelling seen on the outer ear, or swelling along the jaw.
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Which term would the nurse use to report a patient’s ear pain from a tooth problem?
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