Disruptive, impulse-control, and conduct disorders involve much more critical and constant behaviors than typical, temporary episodes of most children and adolescents. They belong to a group of disorders that involve oppositional defiant disorder, intermittent explosive disorder, conduct disorder, antisocial personality disorder, pyromania, and kleptomania. These disorders can cause individuals to behave violently or aggressively toward others or property. They may have problems controlling and managing their sentiments, emotions, and behavior and may violate rules or laws. Review this study guide and learn more about disruptive, impulse-control and conduct disorders, its nursing care management, interventions, and assessment. Show
DescriptionIn DSM-5, oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder are presently classified with antisocial personality disorder and intermittent explosive disorder, whereby considering emerging data confirming their clinical and biological commonality along a developmental spectrum. Antisocial personality disorder concerns violations of the rights of others. Intermittent explosive disorder is defined by impulsive aggressive and assaultive behaviors that are out of proportion to stressors.
Statistics and IncidencesConduct disorder occurs between two and 10 percent of the population, with a median prevalence rate of 4 percent. Prevalence rates increase from childhood to adolescence and are higher in males than in females. Oppositional defiant disorder occurs between one and 11 percent of the population, though the average prevalence estimate is around 3.3 percent. It may be more prevalent in males, with a ratio of approximately 1.4:1 prior to adolescence. This prevalence does not consistently continue into adolescence or adulthood. Intermittent explosive disorder occurs in approximately 2.7 percent of the population and is more prevalent among individuals younger than 35-40 years. The prevalence of kleptomania has been estimated at 0.3%–0.6% in the general population. CausesResearchers generally accept that genetic vulnerability, environmental adversity, and factors such as poor coping interact to cause the disorder.
Clinical ManifestationsSymptoms of oppositional defiant disorder include: A pattern of angry/irritable mood, argumentative/defiant behavior, or vindictiveness lasting at least 6 months as evidenced by at least four symptoms from any of the following categories, and exhibited during interaction with at least one individual who is not a sibling. Angry and irritable mood
Argumentative and defiant behavior
Vindictiveness
Symptoms of intermittent explosive disorder occurring twice weekly, on average, for a period of 3 months include:
Symptoms of conduct disorder include: A repetitive and persistent pattern of behavior in which the basic rights of others or major age-appropriate societal norms or rules are violated, as manifested by the presence of at least three of the following 15 criteria in the past 12 months from any of the categories below, with at least one criterion present in the past 6 months. Aggression to people and animals
Destruction of property
Deceitfulness or theft
Serious violations of rules
Symptoms of antisocial personality disorder include:
Symptoms of pyromania include:
Symptoms of kleptomania include:
Medical ManagementBecause of the multifaceted nature of conduct problems, particularly related comorbidities, treatment usually includes medication, teaching parenting skills, family therapy, and consultation with the school.
Pharmacologic ManagementIn the short term, stimulant medicine has proven effective in controlling the specific symptoms of inattention, impulsivity, and hyperactivity.
Nursing ManagementNursing care of a client with conduct disorder include the following: Nursing AssessmentAssessment of a client with conduct disorder include:
Nursing DiagnosisNursing diagnosis commonly used for clients with conduct disorders include the following:
Nursing Care Planning and GoalsTreatment outcomes for clients with conduct disorders may include the following:
Nursing InterventionsNursing interventions for clients with conduct disorders include the following:
EvaluationGoals are met as evidenced by:
Documentation GuidelinesDocumentation in a client with conduct disorders include:
Practice Quiz: Disruptive, Impulse-Control, and Conduct DisordersNursing practice questions for Conduct Disorder. For more practice questions, visit our NCLEX practice questions page. 1. Martin Sanchez is a nine (9)-year-old child admitted to a psychiatric treatment unit accompanied by Mr. and Mrs. Sanchez. To establish trust and position of neutrality, which action would the nurse take? A. Encourage Mr. and Mrs. Sanchez to leave while Martin is being interviewed. 1. Answer: B. Interview Martin with his parents together, observing their interaction.
2. Which behavioral assessment in a child is most consistent with a diagnosis of conduct disorder? A. Arguing with adults. 2. Answer: C. Physical aggression toward others.
3. A 15-year-old boy was hospitalized in a psychiatric unit because he initiates frequent fights with peers. Which implementation is most appropriate? A. Anticipate and neutralize potentially explosive situations. 3. Answer: A. Anticipate and neutralize potentially explosive situations.
4. Nurse Gloria questions the parents of a child with oppositional defiant disorder about the roles of each parent in setting rules of behavior. The purpose for this type of questioning is to assess which element of the family system? A. Anxiety levels. 4. Answer: B. Generational boundaries.
5. Nurse Tiffany reinforces the behavioral contract for a child having difficulty controlling aggressive behaviors on the psychiatric unit. Which of the following is the best rationale for this method of treatment? A. It will assist the child to develop more adaptive coping methods. 5. Answer: A. It will assist the child to develop more adaptive coping methods.
ReferencesSources and references for this study guide for therapeutic communication, including interesting studies for your further reading:
Which personality system would the nurse identify in a patient who is impulsive and lacks control regarding basic desires quizlet?Which system of personality should the nurse consider for this patient? A patient who lacks control about basic desires has a personality that defines the id. The id works on basic instincts, and its focus is to fulfill the needs.
Which developmental model would the nurse apply when assessing behavior patterns in patients based on age appropriate development?Erikson's developmental model is an essential component of patient assessment. Analysis of behavior patterns using Erikson's framework can identify age-appropriate or arrested development of normal interpersonal skills.
Which stage of Freud's psychosexual stages of development would the nurse analyze for in a patient with destructive tendencies?A fixation at the anal stage may result in behaviors related to anal expulsive features, like destructive tendencies, so the nurse should focus on the anal stage.
Which behavior model based on Rogers theory of humanism would the nurse apply when caring for patients?Which behavior model based on humanism would the nurse apply when managing patients? Carl Rogers's theory of humanism encourages the nurse to view each patient as unique and to show positive regard. Encouraging the patient to focus on "here-and-now" issues is presented in the theory of existentialism by Albert Ellis.
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