Too often, we take our form of government for granted, not fully appreciating its unique and exceptional qualities. The framers of our Constitution, having revolted against tyranny, bequeathed to the nation, and to us as its citizens, a form of government with checks and balances intended to assure that we would never, as a nation, be subject to the abuses we experienced as a colony under a monarchy.... Show
We should appreciate that the separation of powers enshrined in our Constitution was modeled on the constitutions and declarations of the states, where the separation of powers was equally observed. Mirroring our U.S. Constitution, 40 state constitutions now specify that government is to be divided into three branches: legislative, executive, and judicial. The separation of powers at the state level, with an independent executive, legislature, and judiciary, is also one of the fundamental tenets of our democracy. What often gets lost in translation is how dynamic the competition among the branches of government has been, and how much stronger we are as a country because of that ongoing debate. It has been said that the Constitution is not just a historic document, but a living participant in who we are as a nation. Out of the continuing effort to assure the separation of powers, we have built a system of government that functions remarkably well. Although the powers ascribed to each of the three branches may sometimes appear to swing like a pendulum, we have continuously reconsidered and recentered our understanding of the authority and limitation of each of these branches. Linda Leali, "Reflecting on the Great Gift of the Separation of Powers," Daily Business Review, 2018 The author explains that the powers given to each branch "sometimes appear to swing like a pendulum" from one branch to another. Which of the following best describes how these shifts ensure that constitutional government is functional? Upgrade to remove ads Only ₩37,125/year
Terms in this set (45)Which of the following statements would the author of the passage most likely agree with? Nations with extended territory cannot fairly represent their citizens in a republican form of government. In the passage, Brutus is most concerned with the conflict between which of the following political ideas? Participatory democracy and elite democracy As a compromise, the framers agreed on a bicameral legislature, with the House of Representatives elected by popular vote within states and the Senate selected by state legislatures. The direct election method conforms most to which of the following democratic ideals? Government should be based on the consent of the governed. The Declaration of Independence cites specific reasons for separating from British rule, including the British imposing taxes and maintaining a standing army without consent. Which of the following principles or ideas would these grievances be most related to? Natural rights such as life, liberty, and property Article I, Section 9 of the United States Constitution lists several powers that are denied to the federal government, such as granting titles of nobility and passing ex post facto laws. This best demonstrates which of the following ideals of democracy? Limited government In The Federalist 10, which of the following did James Madison argue would best control the negative effects of factions? A large federal republic Which of the following is an accurate summary of James Madison's argument in The Federalist 10? A large republic presents more opportunities for groups to participate, compete, and limit each other. At the Constitutional Convention of 1787, delegates from larger states argued that each state's representation in the legislature should be proportional to its population. Smaller states argued that each state should have equal representation, regardless of population. The disagreement over representation threatened to derail the ratification of the United States Constitution. Which statement accurately describes the compromise that led to both sides reaching agreement? A bicameral legislature with an upper house representing each state equally and a lower house with representation proportional to each state's population In order to appease both Federalists and Anti-Federalists, it was agreed at the Constitutional Convention that a group of delegates would be charged with selecting the president. This would ensure that the most capable individuals would decide which candidate would be president In the 1950s Southern states attempted to prevent integration of their public schools. In return, the National Guard was sent to force states to implement federal regulations. This scenario illustrates which of the following about the relationship between the state and national governments? The debate over the role of the national government and state powers is ongoing. Which of the following statements accurately describes the majority opinion of the Supreme Court in United States v. Lopez (1995) ? Congress may not use the commerce clause to make possession of a gun in a school zone a federal crime. Which of the following cases expanded the powers of Congress by defining the necessary and proper clause more broadly? McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) Which of the following excerpts from the passage best describes the author's reason for opposing an expansion of the scope of the federal government? "... [I]t is impossible to have a representation, possessing the sentiments, and of integrity, to declare the minds of the people, without having it so numerous and unwieldy, as to be subject in great measure to the inconveniency of a democratic government." Which of the following principles of government is most related to the author's argument in the passage? Separation of powers is necessary to our constitutional system to limit the power of the three branches and guarantee limited government. Which of the following describes a possible method that can check the power of the president who willingly violates the constitutional balance of power as described in the passage? Congress can impeach and remove a president who is unable or unwilling to perform his or her official functions. Which of the following political processes would best solve the problem regarding the system of checks and balances, as articulated by the author in the passage? The Supreme Court rules that legislation permitting the president to launch military strikes without congressional approval is unconstitutional. Which of the following experiences most likely influenced the perspective conveyed in the passage? The debt crisis of the 1780s which the national government was unable to address due to lack of authority Which of the following is a difference between the Articles of Confederation and the United States Constitution that is a response to a problem expressed in the passage? The Articles of Confederation allowed for the federal government to request revenues from states but did not permit it to tax citizens directly, whereas under the United States Constitution the federal government could tax citizens directly. Which of the following excerpts from Article I of the United States Constitution resolves a problem described by the author? "The Congress shall have Power To lay and collect Taxes, Duties, Imposts and Excises, to pay the Debts and provide for the common Defence and general Welfare of the United States; but all Duties, Imposts and Excises shall be uniform throughout the United States;" Which of the following is an accurate description of the decision in McCulloch v. Maryland (1819) ? The federal government had the authority to establish a national bank, and Maryland's tax was unconstitutional. The advantages of incumbency in congressional elections include which of the following? I and II only Typically, presidential candidates implement their campaign strategies by focusing on larger, competitive states, because they might tip the balance of the electoral college Which of the following is NOT a way in which the federal government regulates campaigns? By prohibitions on negative advertising Which of the following represents a consequence of candidate-centered electoral campaigns? A decrease in the role of political parties in campaign management When party members meet to nominate a candidate for office, they participate in which of the following? Caucus A chief executive officer (CEO) of a corporation believes that the Republican candidate for president will enact policies that are more beneficial to her business. The CEO donated the maximum amount allowed by law directly to the candidate's campaign fund. To increase the candidate's chances for election, the CEO also directed her corporation to donate funds to an independent political action committee to create ads criticizing the opposing candidate. According to the decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010), which provision of the Constitution protects her actions? Freedom of speech in the First Amendment Which of the following scenarios is most closely related to the Supreme Court's decision in Citizens United v. Federal Election Commission (2010) ? A labor union spends millions of dollars to independently run negative advertisements about a presidential candidate shortly before the election. A primary election in which voters are required to identify a party preference before the election and are not allowed to split their ticket is called a closed primary The concept of realignment refers to changes in the social bases of the parties' voting support Which of the following statements about political parties and the United States Constitution is true? The issue of political parties is not addressed in the Constitution. Critical elections in the United States typically have occurred when groups of voters have changed their traditional patterns of party loyalties Which of the following scenarios reflects the most direct effect of the practice described in the passage on the electoral process? Political parties will rely increasingly on social media advertising to reach different coalitions of voters. The practice of "microtargeting" described in the passage is an even more powerful campaign tool for parties if they are able to collect and manage large databases of information on specific groups of voters Since the 1960s, support for the Democratic Party has declined the most among which of the following groups? White southerners Which of the following would result from the direct election of presidential candidates? Each vote would count equally in determining which candidate won the election. Which of the following is a correct statement about political action committees (PAC's)? The amount of money that PAC's can contribute directly to an individual candidate is limited by law. The use of direct
primaries instead of the convention system in selecting presidential candidates results in which of the following? I and III only If the state is similar to most other states, how will the electoral votes most likely be allocated? The Democratic candidate will receive all 11 electoral votes. The franking privilege refers to the right of members of Congress to send mail to their constituents at the government's expense The data in the graph best illustrate which of the following common criticisms of the electoral college? Individuals in small-population states have a greater impact on the electoral college than individuals in large-population states. Given the information in the graph, in which of the following states would an individual's vote likely have more influence? Wyoming Which of the following best accounts for the lack of success generally encountered by minor / third political parties in electing members to the House or Senate? General elections in the United States are based on the winner-take-all principle. The primary function of political action committees (PAC's) is to raise campaign funds to support favored candidates Which of the following best explains how parties link citizens to the electoral process? Parties send volunteers to knock on doors to register voters. The graphic illustrates which of the following statements about political parties? There is an ongoing debate between political parties over the power and scope of the federal government, even as economic and demographic changes have altered party coalitions. Recommended textbook solutions
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Which of the following scenarios reflects the most direct effect of the practice described in the passage on the electoral process quizlet?
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