Which of the following best describes the reason why independent auditors report on financial statements?

Chapter 66-19a.Which of the following best describes the reason why an independent auditor reports on financial statements? 1.A misappropriation of assets may exist, and it is more likely to be detected by independent auditors. 2.Different interests may exist between the company preparing the statements and the persons using statements. 3.A misstatement of account balances may exist and is generally corrected as the result of the independent auditor’s work. 4.Poorly designed internal controls may be in existence. b.An independent audit aids in the communication of economic data because the audit 1.Confirms the accuracy of management’s financial representations. 2.Lends credibility to the financial statements. 3.Guarantees that financial data are fairly presented. 4.Assures the readers of financial statements that any fraudulent activity has been corrected. c.The major reason an independent auditor gathers audit evidence is to 1.Form an opinion on the financial statements. 2.Detect fraud.3.Evaluate management.4.Assess control risk. 6-20

a.An independent auditors has the responsibility to design the audit to provide reasonable assurance of detecting errors and fraud that might have material effect on financial statements. Which of the following, if material, is a fraud as defined in auditing standards? 

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Which of the following best describes the reason why an independent auditor reports on financial statements?

1. A misappropriation of assets may exist, and it is more likely to be detected by independent auditors.
2. Different interests may exist between the company preparing the statements and the persons using the statements.
3. A misstatement of account balances may exist and is generally corrected as the result of the independent auditor's work.
4. Poorly designed internal controls may be in existence.

2. Different interests may exist between the company preparing the statements and the persons using the statements.

Because of the risk of material misstatement, an audit should be planned and performed with an attitude of

1. objective judgment.
2. independent integrity.
3. professional skepticism.
4. impartial conservatism.

3. professional skepticism.

The major reason an independent auditor gathers evidence is to

1. form an opinion on the financial statements.
2. detect fraud.
3. evaluate management.
4. assess control risk.

1. form an opinion on the financial statements.

An independent auditor has the responsibility to design the audit to provide reasonable assurance of detecting errors and fraud that might have a material effect on the financial statements. Which of the following, if material, is a fraud as defined in audit standards?

1. Misappropriation of an asset or groups of assets
2. Clerical mistakes in the accounting data underlying the financial statements
3. Mistakes in the application of accounting principles
4. Misinterpretation of facts that existed when the financial statements were prepared

1. Misappropriation of an asset or groups of assets

What assurance does the auditor provide that errors and fraud that are material to the financial statements will be detected?

Errors, Fraud

1. Limited, Negative
2. Reasonable, Reasonable
3. Limited, Limited
4. Reasonable, Limited

2. Reasonable, Reasonable

Which of the following statements describes why a properly designed and executed audit may not detect a material misstatement in the financial statements resulting from fraud?

1. Audit procedures that are effective for detecting unintentional misstatements may be ineffective for an intentional misstatement that is concealed through collusion.
2. An audit is designed to provide reasonable assurance of detecting material errors, but there is not similar responsibility concerning fraud.
3. The factors considered in assessing control risk indicated an increased risk of intentional misstatements, but only a low risk of unintentional misstatements.
4. The auditor did not consider factors influencing audit risk for account balances that have effects pervasive to the financial statements taken as a whole.

1. Audit procedures that are effective for detecting unintentional misstatements may be ineffective for an intentional misstatement that is concealed through collusion.

An auditor reviews aged accounts receivable to assess likelihood of collection to support managment's assertion about account balances of

1. existence.
2. completeness.
3. valuation and allocation.
4. rights and obligations.

3. valuation and allocation.

An auditor will most likely review an entity's periodic accounting for the numerical sequence of shipping documents to ensure all documents are included to support management's assertion about classes of transactions of

1. occurrence.
2. completeness.
3. accuracy.
4. classification.

2. completeness.

In the audit of accounts payable, an auditor's procedures will most likely focus primarily on management's assertion about account balances of

1. existence.
2. completeness.
3. valuation and allocation.
4. classification and understandability.

2. completeness.

The auditor's responsibility regarding material misstatements caused by fraud is

1. less than the auditor's responsibility regarding material misstatements caused by error.
2. greater than the auditor's responsibility regarding material misstatements caused by error.
3. the same as the auditor's responsibility regarding material misstatements caused by error.
4. either less than or greater than the auditor's responsibility regarding material misstatements caused by error, depending on the circumstances.

3. the same as the auditor's responsibility regarding material misstatements caused by error.

When determining the auditor's or management's responsibility for compliance with laws and regulations during an audit, which of the following statements below would be incorrect?

1. The auditor is not responsible for preventing noncompliance with laws and regulations.
2. Management and those charged with governance are responsible for ensuring that the company's operations are conducted in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations.
3. The auditor provides reasonable assurance that the financial statements are free of material misstatement due to noncompliance with laws and regulations.
4. The auditor is expected to detect the client's noncompliance with all laws and regulations affecting transaction cycles under review during the audit itself.

4. The auditor is expected to detect the client's noncompliance with all laws and regulations affecting transaction cycles under review during the audit itself.

While auditing a client's accounting estimates used for their specific elements and accounts, the auditor has certain responsibilities. Which of the following is not a required audit procedure that the auditor would perform when evaluating a client's accounting estimates?

1. Verify that all material accounting estimates have been developed.
2. Ensure that the accounting estimates used are properly disclosed in accordance with GAAP.
3. Determine if the accounting estimates used are consistent with those of the client's primary competitors.
4. Evaluate the degree of uncertainty that is associated with the client's accounting estimates.

3. Determine if the accounting estimates used are consistent with those of the client's primary competitors.

What is reasonable assurance?

A high, but not absolute, level of assurance that the financial statements are free of material misstatements.

What does reasonable assurance indicate?

Reasonable, but not absolute, assurance indicates that the auditor is not an insurer or guarantor of the correctness of the financial statements.

Error

Unintentional misstatement of the financial statements

Fraud

Intentional misstatement of the financial statements

Illegal Acts

Also known as noncompliance with laws and regulations, failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations

What are the 2 primary components of professional skepticism?

1. A questioning mind
2. A critical assessment of the audit evidence

What are the 6 elements of professional skepticism?

1. Questioning mindset
2. Suspension of judgment
3. Search for knowledge
4. Interpersonal understanding
5. Autonomy
6. Self-esteem

Management or Auditor Responsibility?

Adopting sound accounting policies.

Management

Management or Auditor Responsibility?

Maintaining adequate internal control.

Management

Management or Auditor Responsibility?

Making fair representation in the financial statements.

Management

Management or Auditor Responsibility?

Obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements as a whole are free from material misstatements.

Auditor

Management or Auditor Responsibility?

Report on the financial statements.

Auditor

Management or Auditor Responsibility?

Report on the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting.

Auditor

Management or Auditor Responsibility?

Identify material weaknesses in internal control over financial reporting.

Auditor

Committed by management or employees?

Fraudulent financial reporting

Typically committed by management, sometimes without the knowledge of employees.

Committed by management or employees?

Misappropriation of assets

Usually perpetrated by employees and not by management, amounts are often immaterial.

What are the 5 Financial Statement Cycles?

1. Sales and collection cycle
2. Acquisition and payment cycle
3. Payroll and personnel cycle
4. Inventory and warehousing cycle
5. Capital acquisition and repayment cycle

What are the 5 categories of PCAOB Management Assertions?

1. Existence or occurrence
2. Completeness
3. Valuation or allocation
4. Rights and obligations
5. Presentation and disclosure

Name the category of PCAOB Management Assertion:

Assets or liabilities of the public company exist at a given date, and recorded transactions have occurred during the period.

Existence or occurrence

Name the category of PCAOB Management Assertion:

All transactions and accounts that should be presented in the financial statements are so included.

Completeness

Name the category of PCAOB Management Assertion:

Assets, liability, equity, revenue, and expense components have been included in the financial statements at appropriate amounts.

Valuation or allocation

Name the category of PCAOB Management Assertion:

The public company holds or controls rights to the assets, and liabilities are obligations of the company at a given date.

Rights and obligations

Name the category of PCAOB Management Assertion:

The components of the financial statements are properly classified, described, and disclosed.

Presentation and disclosure

What are the 3 categories of International and AICPA Management Assertions?

1. Assertions about classes of transactions and events for the period under audit.
2.Assertions about account balances at period end.
3. Assertions about presentation and disclosure.

Describe the Transaction-Related Audit Objective:

Occurrence

Related Transactions Exist

Describe the Transaction-Related Audit Objective:

Completeness

Existing Transactions Are Recorded

Describe the Transaction-Related Audit Objective:

Accuracy

Recorded Transactions Are Stated at the Correct Amounts

Describe the Transaction-Related Audit Objective:

Posting and Summarization

Recorded Transactions Are Properly Included in the Master Files and Are Correctly Summarized

Describe the Transaction-Related Audit Objective:

Classification

Transactions Included in the Client's Journals Are Properly Classified

Describe the Transaction-Related Audit Objective:

Timing

Transactions Are Recorded on the Correct Dates

Describe the Balance-Related Audit Objective:

Existence

Amounts Included Exist

Describe the Balance-Related Audit Objective:

Completeness

Existing Amounts Are Included

Describe the Balance-Related Audit Objective:

Accuracy

Amounts Included Are Stated at the Correct Amounts

Describe the Balance-Related Audit Objective:

Classification

Amounts Included in the Client's Listing Are Properly Classified

Describe the Balance-Related Audit Objective:

Cutoff

Transactions Near the Balance Sheet Date Are Recorded in the Proper Period

Describe the Balance-Related Audit Objective:

Detail Tie-In

Details in the Account Balance Agree with Related Master File Amounts, Foot to the Total in the Account Balance, and Agree with the Total in the General Ledger

Describe the Balance-Related Audit Objective:

Realizable Value

Assets Are Included at the Amounts Estimated to Be Realized

Describe the Balance-Related Audit Objective:

Rights and Obligations

Most assets must be owned before it is acceptable to include them in the financial statements. Liabilities must belong to the entity. Rights are always associated with assets and obligations with liabilities.

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Why does an independent auditor reports on financial statements?

An auditor's report is a written letter from the auditor containing their opinion on whether a company's financial statements comply with generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and are free from material misstatement.

What is the main purpose of an independent financial audit?

The objective of the ordinary audit of financial statements by the independent auditor is the expression of an opinion on the fairness with which they present, in all material respects, financial position, results of operations, and its cash flows in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles.

Which of the following best describes why an independent auditor is asked to express an opinion?

Which of the following best describes why an independent auditor is asked to express an opinion on the fair presentation of financial statements? An engagement to report on compliance with statutory requirements.

Which of the following statements best describes the primary purpose of statements on Auditing Standards?

Which of the following statements best describes the primary purpose of Statements on Auditing Standards? They are authoritative statements, enforced through the Code of Professional Conduct.