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Terms in this set (72)Nitrogen The chemical element (atom) found in all proteins, but not usually in fats or carbohydrates is... Essential amino acid Amino acids the body must eat bc it cannot synthesize a sufficient amount, Peptide bonds are formed... By excluding H2O molecules Protein helps regulate body ph by... Accepting alkaline substance from the blood Transformation The synthesis of a new amino acid Components of proteins Carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen Acid group -COOH Amino group -NH2 Essential amino acids Cannot be made by the body How many nonessential amino acids are there 11 11 nonessential amino acids Can be synthesized in the from other amino acids or by adding N to C- containing structure Conditionally essential amino acids Under certain circumstances, some nonessentials cannot be made in the body Peptide bonds What holds amino acids together, is an example of condensation reaction Most proteins contain ____ amino acids 250-300 What does peptin do Breaks down protein into shorter polypeptide Denaturation Unfolding of protein by heat, acids, bases or salts Where does protein digestion start Stomach Where are dietary proteins digested and absorbed Stomach and small intestine What do stomach acids so to the protein Denature
What do stomach acids activate Pepsin Where are polypeptides broken down Stomach The order of amino acids in a specific protein determines... Function in the body From the small intestine, amino acids enter the... Blood and travel to the liver Amino acids come from... Diet, breakdown proteins in body, stored in amino acid pools Protein turnover Process of continuous breakdown/synthesis of protein from its amino acid Pepsinogen is the inactive form of... Pepsin The presence of food in the stomach cause the hormone... Gastrin to be secreted Amino acids/smaller polypeptides coming from stomach stimulate the release of the hormones CCK Transcription Process where mRNA is made using DNA as a template, transfers genetic info Translation Produces new peptide \Amino acids are linked together via peptide bonds on ribosomes using mRNA & tRNAo mRNA For of RNA involves in gene transcription tRNA Form of RNA in the cytoplasm involved in gene translation Ribosome An organelle, associated w endoplasmic reticulum in the cytoplasm, involved in gene translation Up regulation Increased expression of gene "turn on" Down regulation Decreased expression of gene "turn off" Steps of protein synthesis 1.cell signaling DNA What contains instructions for protein synthesis Complete proteins Contain all the essential amino acids along w nonessential Examples of complete proteins Animals proteins, soy proteins Incomplete proteins Proteins are low in one or more essential amino acids Example of incomplete protein Plant protein Pro enzyme
Inactive form of an enzyme Anaphylaxis Rapid immune response sudden drop on blood pressure, rapid pulse,dizziness, narrowing of airways, severe allergic reaction Intracellular space Inside of cella Extracellular space Outside of cells Intravascular fluid Fluid found in blood/lymph vessels Interstitial fluid Fluid found between cells Regulation of fluid balance by what protein? Albumin important in regulating fluid balance between intravascular and interstitial spaces Deamination CHON taking off nitrogen =CHO, nitrogen goes to liver (breaks it down) to urea, kidneys get rid of it, carbon skeleton converted to glucose for energy/fat Glucogenic amino acid Amino acid that can be converted to glucose via gluconeogenesis DRI for proteins 0.8 grams of protein per kilogram of weight Negative Nitrogen balance Nitrogen loss exceeds intake, occurs during starvation, illness or stress Positive nitrogen balance Nitrogen intake exceeds the loss of nitrogen from the body, occurs during childhood, prego women, infants, recover from illness DRI protein recommendations as a % of total calories 10-35% Average us intake of protein 15% Calculate protein needs Lbs/2.2*0.8 Eating to much protein may increase risk of Heart disease, kidney stones, calcium loss from bones Protein energy malnutrition Eating inadequate calories and proteins PEM Is more common in children Signs of Kwashiorkor Edema, muscle loss, skin rashes, hair changes, water and electrolyte imbalances Marasmus Severe deficiency of calories Signs of marasmus Emaciation, lack of growth, loss of fat stores How can vegetarians meet protein needs Plant, soy, beans, legumes, nuts, egg, dairy Lacto vegitarian Avoids meat, fish, poultry, and eggs Lacto-ovo vegitarian Avoids meat, fish and poultry Ovo-vegitarian Avoids meat, fish, poultry, and dairy Pescatarian Avoids all meat and poultry Pollo vegetarians Avoids meats except for chicken Ascites Abnormal accumulation of fluid in abdominal cavity o Nitrogen balance Amount of protein consumed = amount of protein used Secondary structure Folding of a protein bc of weak bonds that form between elements of amino acid backbone Mercury is a denaturing agent bc... Disrupts disulfide bonds thus tertiary structure, effects proteins in neural function Students also viewedChapter 6 Post-Test Nutrition40 terms JoceyNoel Chapter 6: Proteins61 terms elise9120 Nutrition Chapter 6 Post-Test40 terms erica_russelman Nutrition Chapter 6 quiz41 terms Destiny782 Other sets by this creatorChapter 66 terms emmerz_05 Chapter 412 terms emmerz_05 Chapter 235 terms emmerz_05 Chapter 127 terms emmerz_05 Verified questions
engineering A 1-m-diameter spherical cavity is maintained at a uniform temperature of 600 K. Now a 5-mm-diameter hole is drilled. Determine the maximum rate of radiation energy streaming through the hole. What would your answer be if the diameter of the cavity were 3 m? Verified answer
physics a bullet is fired horizontally with an initial velocity of 900 m/s, knowing that the bullet's mass is $m_1=0.01\text{ kg}$, and it collides with a block of mass $m_2=20\text{ kg}$, initially at equilibrium, pending from a vertical wire, and the distance from the block and the fixed end of the wire is $d=3\text{ m}$. After they collide, the bullet inserts into the block without altering the latter's initial positon, after which they both move together as whole body (no relative motion), neglecting air resistance and considering $g=9.81\text{ m}/\text{s}^2$ (parallel to the initial configuration of the wire) , determine if the final system bullet-block is able to complete a whole spin around the fixed end of the wire. Verified answer
earth science Summarize the physical characteristics and rock compositions of the lunar highlands, maria, and craters, and explain how each feature formed. Verified answer
chemistry Why does white phosphorus consist of tetrahedral $P_{4}$ molecules while nitrogen consists of diatomic $\mathrm{N}_{2}$ molecules? Verified answer Recommended textbook solutions Organic Chemistry6th EditionJanice Gorzynski Smith 2,029 solutions Quantitative Chemical Analysis8th EditionDaniel C. Harris 921 solutions Chemical Reaction Engineering3rd EditionOctave Levenspiel 228 solutions Chemistry for Engineering Students2nd EditionLawrence S. Brown, Thomas A. Holme 945 solutions Other Quizlet setsPhysiological Psych Ch 575 terms bsbd_100 ch 13 apes #s14 terms wrongmyright Biology Midterm - Part 2 (Covers Cells, Membranes,…64 terms avamiller23 Unit 6 Post WWII Asia and 1950s US29 terms ksmith64 |
Which element is found in all proteins but not in carbohydrates or fats quizlet?
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