What is the ability to apply appropriate use of knowledge to manage and solve human problems?

In informatics, raw, unprocessed numbers, symbols, or words that have no meaning by themselves are called which of the following?

1)Information

2)Data

3)Knowledge

4)Wisdom

ANS: 2

Data are raw, unprocessed numbers, symbols, or words that have no meaning by themselves. Information consists of groupings of data processed into a meaningful, structured form. Knowledge is formed when data are grouped, creating meaningful information and relationships, which are then added to other structured information. Wisdom is the appropriate use of knowledge in managing or solving human problems.

Which informatics concept concerns the appropriate use of knowledge in managing or solving human problems?

1)Wisdom

2)Data

3)Knowledge

4)Information

ANS: 1

Wisdom is the appropriate use of knowledge in managing or solving human problems. Data are raw, unprocessed numbers, symbols, or words that have no meaning by themselves. Information consists of groupings of data processed into a meaningful, structured form. Knowledge is formed when data are grouped, creating meaningful information and relationships, which are then added to other structured information.

Computers are important for evidence-based practice because:

1)They are available in all healthcare institutions.

2)Extra training is not required for information retrieval.

3)Information can be accessed and managed more efficiently.

4)All of the best evidence is located on a computer.

ANS: 3

To incorporate the current, best evidence in your nursing practice, you must be able to locate the evidence, evaluate its quality and relevance to the problem, and apply the solution to clinical care. Computers are useful for data access, management, storage, and retrieval when conducting research or reviewing research findings. Specialized software aids in statistical analysis of research data. Computers are not available to all personnel in all healthcare institutions nor can the entirety of best evidence be found electronically. Training and experience are required to learn how to use a computer as well as how to conduct a literature search.

You are a preceptor for a new nursing employee at the local hospital. She needs to access a patient's electronic health record (EHR) to retrieve laboratory results; however, the newly hired nurse has not yet received a computer password. What action should you take?

1)Give her your password to use until she obtains her own password.

2)Log on and remain with her while she views the record.

3)Notify your supervisor that the new employee needs a password.

4)Inform her that she will not receive a password until her orientation is complete.

ANS: 3

Never share your password with another person or log on to a computer to allow another access to information. Instead, notify your supervisor that the new employee needs a password. In most hospitals, nurses are given a password during their orientation.

Review the following: 38 years old; growth in height to 5′2″; female gender; weight gain of 15 pounds. This list can be referred to as which of the following?

1)Information

2)Knowledge

3)Data

4)Patient record

ANS: 1

The segments are grouped into a meaningful, structured form and are considered together as information. However, 38, 5′2″, female, 15 standing alone would be examples of raw, unprocessed numbers, symbols, or words that have no meaning by themselves and therefore would be data.

CINAHL is a(n):

1)Popular periodical.

2)Internet site.

3)Scholarly journal.

4)Literature database

ANS: 4

CINAHL, The Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature, is a literature database covering nursing, allied health, biomedical, and consumer health journal articles. CINAHL may be accessed by the Internet or in hard copy in most libraries.

A nurse is entering a pharmacy request for patient medication in the patient's electronic health record (EHR) while seated at a computer in the nursing station. A physician approaches her and asks her to access another patient's EHR so that he can look at the patient's laboratory report. Which of the following is the best action for the nurse to take?

1)Access the lab report for the physician.

2)Log off the computer before proceeding.

3)Quickly finish the pharmacy requisition before the physician logs on.

4)Allow the physician to access the laboratory report without logging out.

ANS: 2

The nurse should log off the computer and then allow the physician to log on under his own password. Accessing information that is not relevant to the care that the nurse is providing is a HIPAA violation. Rushing to complete a pharmacy request for patient medication is a situation of risk for medication error. The nurse should never hurriedly order or administer medication because that is when errors are more likely to occur. The nurse should never allow anyone to use her password to access information.

What is (are) the primary benefit(s) of computer physician order entry (CPOE)?

1)Increased privacy

2)Improved access to patient data

3)Cost savings

4)Reduced medication errors

ANS: 4

Computer physician order entry (CPOE) is technology that allows healthcare providers to enter orders into a computerized prescribing system instead of handwriting them. Orders are integrated with patient information, including allergy history and laboratory and other prescription data. The new order is then automatically checked for potential errors or problems. This reduces prescription errors resulting from illegible penmanship. It can detect dosing errors by flagging medication dilution or dosages that fall outside normal dosing standards. The system warns about the possibility of a drug interaction, allergy, or incorrect dose. As some drug names sound like other drugs, CPOE can alert prescribers and potentially avoid a drug error that could be serious or fatal. Although the efficiencies of the CPOE reduce costs, it is not the primary benefit of the system. Likewise, orders entered into the computer are more conveniently accessed by nurses and pharmacists, but the most important benefit of CPOE is to reduce errors.

Which of the following are main functions of a computer? Choose all that apply.

1)Process

2)Storage

3)Memory

4)Output

ANS: 1, 2, 4

Memory refers to the amount of space available for storage of digital information on a computer. The four main functions of a computer are input, process, output, and storage

Which of the following aspects of a computer determine its power? Choose all that apply.

1)User friendliness

2)Speed of operations

3)Accessibility for the user

4)Data storage capacity

ANS: 2, 4

The power of a computer is determined by its speed, accuracy, reliability, and data storage and processing capabilities. Although ease of use and accessibility are important features for users, these factors do not determine the power of a computer.

Which of the following health information is protected in the electronic health record? Choose all that apply.

1)Social Security number

2)Insurance information

3)Physician's name

4)Laboratory results

ANS: 1, 2, 4

A patient's protected health information includes any individually identifiable health information; current, past, or potential physical or mental conditions; and any payment information, such as Social Security numbers or insurance.

The nurse is preparing to pass the 0900 medications prescribed for her patients. She removes the medications from the automated dispensing unit. When scanning the medication, an alert notifies the nurse that the patient is allergic to this medication. What action should the nurse take? Choose all that apply.

1)Override the alert and administer the medication.

2)Confirm the patient's allergies and type of reaction.

3)Notify the prescriber of the patient medication allergy.

4)Be sure an antidote is available at the patient's bedside.

ANS: 2, 3

Alerts are configured to notify the nurse of potential adverse effects before the patient receives the medication. Sometimes patients state they are allergic to a medication when, in reality, they may only have experienced a side effect. The physician or pharmacist can be instrumental in discerning if the patient's reaction was a true allergy. The physician should always be notified before administering medications when an allergy error has been received. Although an antidote to a medication could be useful in the event of a harmful effect, the medication in the situation should not be given, and therefore, the antidote would not be necessary.

Is the appropriate use of knowledge to manage and solve human problems?

What is knowledge work in nursing informatics?

What is knowledge generation in nursing?

When nursing professionals work with information and generate information and knowledge as a product they can be described as?