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Terms in this set (142)Any cell that ingests microorganisms or other cells is called a(n): phagocyte A patient is found to have a high blood sugar level (hyperglycemia). What is a cause of this? deficient insulin levels in the blood Substances that release ions when dissolved in water are called: electrolytes The brain and spinal cord are connected through a large opening at the base of the skull called the: foramen magnum The most important nerve of the cervical plexus, which innervates the diaphragm, is the: phrenic nerve Thromboxane A2 is a short-lived compound that causes: platelet clumping What type of tissue covers and lines internal organs? epithelial tissue Which organs/structures lie(s) in the retroperitoneal space of the abdomen? kidneys Which structures comprise different types of tissues that work together to perform a particular function? Organs A bruit differs from a murmur in that a bruit: is auscultated over a main blood vessel A fracture of the orbital bone is commonly referred to as a: blowout fracture All of the following are formed components of the blood, EXCEPT: plasma A projection of the second cervical vertebra (C2) that fits into the vertebral foramen of the first cervical vertebra (C1) is called the: odontoid process A specialized part of the venous system that filters the blood and metabolizes various drugs is called the: hepatic portal system Beginning with the outermost layer, the three meningeal layers of the central nervous system are the: dura, arachnoid, and pia matter Blood enters the right atrium of the heart from the: vena cavae and coronary sinus During an acidotic state, the kidneys attempt to maintain a normal pH by: retaining bicarbonate In response to shock or stress, sympathetic nervous system stimulation causes: vasoconstriction Molecules that bind to a receptor's cells and trigger a response by that cell, thereby resulting in some kind of action or biologic effect, are called: agonists The average total body water content of a healthy adult is approximately ____% of his or her body weight. 60% The Broca region of the left frontal lobe is responsible for the muscular actions that are associated with: speech The catecholamine epinephrine (adrenaline) has an affinity for: alpha and beta receptors The epiglottis can be BEST described as: a valve that covers the trachea during swallowing The first artery to branch from the aortic arch is the: brachiocephalic artery The heart muscle lies within a space in the thoracic cavity called the: mediastinum The heart's primary pacemaker, which is located in the right atrium, is the: SA node The hypoxic drive, a backup system to control breathing, is stimulated when: oxygen levels decrease The limbic system, a portion of the cerebrum and diencephalon, contains structures that: influence emotions and mood The majority of the body's total body water is contained within the: intracellular space The myocardium is the only muscle that can generate its own electrical impulses. This process is called: automaticity The process in which glucose is broken down to yield pyruvic acid is called: glycolysis The process of moving air into and out of the lungs is called: ventilation The pulmonary circulation is responsible for: ensuring blood gets reoxygenated The right and left coronary arteries arise from the: ascending aorta The separation of the intracellular and extracellular areas by a selectively permeable membrane helps to maintain: homeostasis The shoulders and hips are examples of __________ joints. diarthrotic The superior portion of the brainstem that contains reflex centers for pupillary reflexes and eye movements is the: midbrain The thyroid gland is responsible for the: metabolic rate What is the action of adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH)? stimulates hormone secretion from the adrenal cortex What is the function of a baroreceptor? monitoring changes in arterial pressure What physiologic reaction occurs when a person's blood sugar level falls? glucagon production is increased What type of valves are the aortic and pulmonic valves? semilunar Which of the following are typically found in the muscle cells, and provide cell movement and contraction via interaction with actin and myosin? microfilaments Which of the following is a function performed by all cells? respiration Which of the following is NOT a function of the skin? production of antibodies to foreign organisms Which of the following statements regarding type O blood is correct? it contains no surface antigens Which of the following structures comprise the axial skeleton? Skull, face, thoracic cage, vertebral column Which of the following vessels or structures is NOT part of the pulmonary circulation? descending aorta Which type of nerve cells conduct electrical impulses toward the cell body? dendrites With regard to the heart, ejection fraction is defined as the: % of blood ejected from the heart A 2-year-old child has experienced a proximal humeral fracture involving the growth plate. This plate is also called the: epiphyseal plate All of the following are functions of the parasympathetic nervous system, EXCEPT: decreased GI function A protein of the immune system that recognizes foreign substances is called a(n): antibody Normal inhalation is the result of: negative pressure in the thoracic cavity Phagocytosis is the process by which: monocytes digest microbes The cell membrane is selectively permeable, which means that it: allows only certain substances to pass through it The diencephalon, a region of the brain, contains which of the following structures? thalamus and hypothalamus The first and second cervical vertebrae are called the: Atlas and Axis The formation of glucose in the liver is called: gluconeogenesis The integumentary system includes all of the following structures, EXCEPT: blood vessels The left main coronary artery rapidly divides into the: left anterior descending and circumflex arteries The longest portion of the aorta, which subdivides into the thoracic and abdominal aorta, is the: descending aorta The movement of a substance against a concentration or gradient that requires energy is called: active transport The process in which malignant cells travel to other organs or tissue and establish secondary tumors is called: metastatis The second heart sound (S2) represents: semilunar valves closing The semilunar valves of the heart function by: preventing backflow of blood into the ventricles The shoulder joint is a ball-and-socket joint where the humeral head articulates with the: glenoid fossa The sympathetic and parasympathetic nerves arise from the: autonomic nervous system The term inotropy refers to the: strength of myocardial contraction The term perfusion is BEST defined as: circulation of blood within an organ or tissue The three small bones in the middle ear are the: malleus, stapes, incus What are the three layers of the blood vessel, starting with the outer layer? Tunica adventitia, media, intima What body system is comprised of various glands located throughout the body? endocrine system What happens when the PaCO2 of the arterial blood increases? pH decreases and respirations increase Which hormone prepares the uterus for implantation? progesterone Which layer of the blood vessel wall is composed of elastic tissue and smooth muscle cells? tunica media Which of the following is NOT a type of white blood cell? histamine Closure of the tricuspid and mitral valves occur during: ventricular contraction Decreases in the PaCO2 result in _____________ pH levels in the respiratory center and a(n) _____________ in ventilation. increased, decrease Freshly oxygenated blood is returned to the left atrium through the: pulmonary veins In addition to facilitating the uptake of sugar into the cells, insulin is responsible for: chemical conversion from glucose to glycogen Osmosis is the movement of a: solvent from an area of low solute concentration to one of high concentration Oxygen and carbon dioxide pass across the alveolar capillary membrane through a process called: diffusion Stimulation of alpha-1 receptors of the sympathetic nervous system results in: peripheral vasoconstriction The abdominal aorta begins at the level of the: 12th thoracic vertebra The body's ability to spontaneously cease bleeding is called: hemostasis The layer of tissue that lines the inside of the chest cavity is called the: parietal pleura The middle muscular layer of the heart is called the: myocardium The movement of particles from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration is called: diffusion The olfactory nerve (CN I) is responsible for: smell The point where the first cervical vertebra (C1) articulates with the base of the skull is called the: atlanto-occipital joint The primary respiratory stimulus in a healthy adult is a(n): increased arterial carbon dioxide level The reticular activating system is located in the __________ and regulates __________: midbrain, consciousness The subclavian artery gives rise to the: vertebral arteries The two major veins that drain the head and neck of blood are the: jugular veins All of the following are facial bones, EXCEPT the: parietal A medication that possesses a positive chronotropic effect is one that: increases heart rate A slight dilation at the carotid bifurcation, called the ________________, contains structures that are important in regulating blood pressure. carotid sinus Examples of steroid hormones are: cortisol and testosterone Extracellular fluid accounts for what percentage of the total body water? 37% Immediately inferior to the suprasternal (jugular) notch is the: manubrium Insulin and glucagon are produced in specialized groups of cells in the pancreas known as the: islets of Langerhans The gap that lies between each nerve cell is called the: synapse The substance that contains all the cellular contents between the cell membrane and the nucleus is called the: cytoplasm What hormone is secreted in response to a decrease in the sodium level or an increase in the potassium level? Aldosterone When activated, fibrinogen is converted to: Fibrin Which layer of the heart would be penetrated during an emergent medical procedure in order to remove fluid? pericardium Which of the following is NOT part of the pelvis? trochanter Which of the following processes initiates urine formation? glomerular filtration All of the following are endocrine glands, EXCEPT the: sweat glands A pH of 7.30 indicates: acidosis Dysfunction of the mitral valve may cause backflow of blood into the: Left atrium End-diastolic volume is primarily a reflection of: venous return to the heart If too much water moves out of a cell, the cell shrinks abnormally. This process is called: crenation Nicotinic receptors are found: on skeletal muscle The aorta and pulmonary artery exit the heart just beneath the: manubrium The femoral artery gives rise to all of the following arteries, EXCEPT the: iliac arteries The first two cervical vertebrae, in descending order, are called: atlas and axis The hormones thyroxine and triiodothyronine are synthesized by the: thyroid gland The ilium is defined as the: bony prominences of the pelvis The thick fibrous membrane that surrounds the heart is called the: pericardium What are the functions of the pancreas? production of insulin and certain enzymes that aid in digestion What happens when systemic vasoconstriction occurs? afterload increases What is the cardiac output of a person with a stroke volume of 60 mL and a heart rate of 90 beats/min? 5.4 L Which of the following conditions would cause a left shift of the oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve? increased pH Which of the following statements regarding interstitial fluid is correct? it is located in the extracellular space and between the cells A(n) ___________ is a substance that can absorb or donate hydrogen ions. buffer A person with type A+ blood could receive which of the following blood types? A+ As an electrical impulse travels down the electrical conduction system, it transiently slows at the: AV Node Increased myocardial contractility secondary to stretching of the myocardial walls is called the: Frank-Starling mechanism Of the 12 pairs of cranial nerves, which two do NOT exit from the brainstem? olfactory and optic The parathyroid glands produce and secrete a hormone that: maintains normal levels of calcium in the blood Ventricular muscle contraction and the pumping of blood throughout the body occur during: Systole Which portion of the spinal column articulates with the pelvis? sacrum Efferent nerves of the peripheral nervous system are responsible for: carrying commands from the brain to the muscles Tidal volume is defined as the volume of air that: is moved into or out of lungs during a single breath Afterload is defined as the: degree of pressure against which the left ventricle pumps All of the following are voluntary muscles, EXCEPT: smooth muscle Leakage of cerebrospinal fluid from the nose following severe head trauma suggests: fracture of the cribriform plate Severe injuries to the liver are life threatening because it is: highly vascular and very fragile What occurs during the initial phase of hemostasis? local vasoconstriction and platelet activation occur Which is a function of the lymphatic system? filtration of debris and bacteria from the blood Sets with similar termsCh 7100 terms quizlette4414321 A&P Assignment50 terms steven_m__donaldson Sets found in the same folderChapter 7199 terms Alejandro_Alvarez16 Chapter 977 terms bbell1019 chapter 17 Paramedic184 terms sophie_mcphilomy Chapter 8138 terms svtcobralover Other sets by this creatorNREMT Vocab400 terms sophie_mcphilomy Chapters 21-24/26-28/38-40/46-49 Paramedic448 terms sophie_mcphilomy Chapters 46-49 Paramedic98 terms sophie_mcphilomy Chapters 28/38/39/40 Paramedic148 terms sophie_mcphilomy Verified questions
HEALTH The most effective way to prevent infection from Salmonella and E. coli is to (a) visually inspect food before eating. (b) avoid eating salmon. (c) cook meat thoroughly. (d) wash your hands after you eat. Verified answer HEALTH Explain why some victims of spousal abuse are unwilling to leave their abusers. Verified answer
HEALTH Which group makes up the greatest percentage of all youth surveyed? A. Girls who got a sunburn that summer, B. Girls who did not get a sunburn that summer, C. Boys who got a sunburn that summer, D. Boys who did not get a sunburn that summer. Verified answer HEALTH The transparent structure that covers the front of the eye is the a. pupil. b. lens. c. retina. d. cornea. Verified answer Other Quizlet setsMicroeconomics Exam II53 terms Dexter_Ward Zoology Final Exam Review89 terms rudyescalante A&P 3 Mid-Term189 terms James_Sonnier8PLUS Quiz Questions46 terms StephDoyle33 Related questionsQUESTION Which of these would not be a risk factor for metabolic syndrome? 15 answers QUESTION What functions do cilia of the nasal mucosa perform on contaminated mucus? 4 answers QUESTION How many heart chambers do mammals have? 15 answers QUESTION What is a polysaturated fatty acid? 15 answers Which hormone causes increased sodium reabsorption in the kidney quizlet?Aldosterone is produced in the adrenal cortex. Aldosterone increases sodium reabsorption by increasing the number of Na+-K+ ATPase pumps in the luminal membrane of the proximal tubule.
What hormone increases excretion of sodium quizlet?lungs and blood vessels. Which hormone increases sodium excretion? A. renin.
Which hormone increases sodium and water retention quizlet?1. The increase in antidiuretic hormone causes retention of sodium that retains excessive water in the renal tubules. 2. The decrease in antidiuretic hormone increases serum glucose, which binds to water.
Which of the following hormones causes increased atrial pressure and decreases sodium reabsorption in the kidneys quizlet?Aldosterone is a steroid hormone secreted by adrenal glands. Its main role is to regulate salt and water in the body, thus having an effect on blood pressure.
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What hormone is secreted in response to a decrease in the sodium level or an increase in the potassium level quizlet?
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