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Terms in this set (26)Scientific Method The approach through which psychologists systematically acquire knowledge and understanding about behavior and other phenomena of interest Steps of the Scientific Method 1. Identifying
Questions Theories Broad explanations and predictions concerning phenomena of interest hypothesis A prediction, stemming from a theory, stated in a way that allows it to be tested. Operational Definition The translation of a hypothesis into specific, testable procedures that can be measured and observed. Archival Research Research in which existing data, such as census documents, college records, and newspaper clippings, are examined to test a hypothesis. Naturalistic Observations Research in which an investigator simply observes some naturally occurring behavior and does not make a change in the situation. Survey Research Research in which people chosen to represent a larger population are asked a series of questions about their behavior, thoughts, or attitudes. Case Study An in-depth, intensive investigation of an individual or small group of people. Variables Behaviors, events, or other characteristics that can change, or vary, in some way. Correlational Research Research in which the relationship between two sets of variables is examined to determine whether they are associated, or "correlated." Remember, Correlation does not imply causation Experiment The investigation of the relationship between two (or more) variables by deliberately producing a change in one variable in a situation and observing the effects of that change on other aspects of the situation. Experimental Manipulation The change that an experimenter deliberately produces in a situation. Treatment The manipulation implemented by the experimenter. Experimental Group Any group participating in an experiment that receives a treatment. Control Group A group participating in an experiment that receives no treatment. Independent Variable The variable that is manipulated by an experimenter. Dependent Variable The variable that is measured and is expected to change as a result of changes caused by the experimenter's manipulation of the independent variable. Random Assignment to Condition A procedure in which participants are assigned to different experimental groups or "conditions" on the basis of chance and chance alone. Significant Outcome Meaningful results that make it possible for researchers to feel confident that they have confirmed their hypothesis. Replicated Research
Research that is repeated, sometimes using other procedures, settings, and groups of participants, to increase confidence in prior findings. Ethical Guide-Lines of Informed Consent Participants... Informed Consent A document signed by participants affirming that they have been told the basic outlines of the study and are aware of what their participation will involve. Three Types of Biases 1. experimenter bias Experimenter Bias Factors that distort how the independent variable affects the dependent variable in an experiment. Placebo A false treatment, such as a pill, "drug," or other substance, without any significant chemical properties or active ingredient. Recommended textbook solutions Myers' Psychology for AP2nd EditionDavid G Myers 900 solutions Psychology: Principles in Practice1st EditionSpencer A. Rathus 1,024 solutions Psychology1st EditionHOUGHTON MIFFLIN HARCOURT 1,007 solutions
Myers' Psychology for AP1st EditionDavid G Myers 313 solutions Sets with similar termsPsychology Chapter 223 terms kfpugs829 General Psychology Week 223 terms ECMS2018 Experimental Research (Test 2)25 terms neida_vasquez Chapter 2: Psychological Research25 terms KLlamas Sets found in the same folderPsychology Ch. 238 terms kbfulwiler Experimental Research (Test 2)" and 1 other91 terms heba_alian Connect test prep #2294 terms TwoDayJunior Psychology 101: Chp. 4 States of Consciousness31 terms Hihan360 Other sets by this creatorPsych Ch. 522 terms twinkletoesjack Psych Ch. 432 terms twinkletoesjack Pyschology Ch. 12 terms twinkletoesjack Verified questionsPSYCHOLOGY Which of the following does a PET scan best allow researchers to examine? a. The presence of tumors in the brain. b. Electrical activity on the surface of the brain. c. The size of the internal structures of the brain. d. The location of strokes. e. The functions of various brain regions. Verified answer QUESTION Marcelo has a good job, a nice house, and plenty of food. On weekends, he skydives for fun. His weekend behavior is best explained by which of the following theories? a. Incentive. b. Drive-reduction. c. Instinct. d. Arousal. e. Two- factor. Verified answer PSYCHOLOGY Do you agree with John B. Watson that a child can be trained to become a doctor, lawyer, or other specialist? Explain your answer. Verified answer
PSYCHOLOGY How might a psychologist doing basic science and a psychologist practicing applied science differ in their approach to the issue of Internet addiction? Verified answer Other Quizlet setsMGMT 440 - Final (Ch. 15)31 terms daisy_sanchez85 Bisc162 Exam 2 Quizzes (Symula/Leary - Spring2022)51 terms Caseydenisee Biology 243 Exam 2 Chapter 7136 terms kvanslamPLUS Related questionsQUESTION Describe and use several methods for finding previous research on a particular research idea or question 7 answers QUESTION Dr. Dormeur's participants have only agreed to participate in the study for three nights each. Which type of counterbalancing can she use? 4 answers QUESTION A researcher wants to compare the sustained attention scores of a group of people at 2:00 am with their scores at 9:00 am. Which statistics should she use to analyze her results? 2 answers QUESTION Scatterplot illustrating the relationship between treatment effect estimates from individual studies and precision (e.g., standard error or variance); such plots are one approach that can be used to assess the risk of publication bias. 2 answers Which of the following refers to a procedure in which participants are assigned to different experimental groups on the basis of chance and chance alone?Random Assignment of Participants: Participants are assigned to different experimental groups, or “conditions,” on the basis of chance and chance alone.
Is a prediction stemming from a theory that is stated in a way that allows it to be tested?Thus from the above-mentioned points, it is clear that hypothesis is a prediction stated in a way that allows it to be tested.
What is the manipulation implemented by an experimenter?Experimental manipulation describes the process by which researchers purposefully change, alter, or influence the independent variables (IVs), which are also called treatment variables or factors, in an experimental research design.
What is an in depth intensive investigation of an individual or small group of people?The Case Study: In contrast to a survey, in which many people are studied, a case study is an in-depth, intensive investigation of a single individual or a small group.
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The translation of a hypothesis into specific, testable procedures that can be measured and observed
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