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AbstractAlthough Egypt has begun industrialization long ago (1920's), it is still lagging far behind other countries that have begun the industrialization process much later than Egypt. The arising problem is that the Egyptian manufactures' sector is facing a deteriorating position in terms of trade, as the Egyptian economy faces competitive pressures from three fronts: First, countries within the MENA region which opened up their economies early and took positive measures to increase their competitiveness such as Tunisia and Morocco. Second, East Asian economies and European transition economies which are characterized by having more efficient productive structures using skilled labor and capital intensive activities and hence produce higher value added and better quality goods. Third, the large unskilled, labor abundant, low wage economies such as China, India and Bangladesh that have been integrating rapidly in the global economy, exerting growing competitiveness pressures on countries exporting low-skilled manufactures such as Egypt. This paper deduces that the constraints to having a booming industrial sector are related to the inefficient human resource development, technical constraints, legislative constraints and economic constraints. Accordingly, the paper recommends having more investments in human development, building the capabilities of the public sector, more enhancements for the small industries, and managing the process of integration in the global economy. Suggested CitationHandle: RePEc:guc:wpaper:1 Download full text from publisherMost related itemsThese are the items that most often cite the same works as this one and are cited by the same works as this one.
More about this itemKeywordsIndustrial development; industrial policy; JEL classification:
NEP fieldsThis paper has been announced in the following NEP Reports:
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Why did Egypt fail industrialization?However, Egypt's industrialization ultimately failed, for reasons that are still debated. In the early nineteenth century, Egypt connected two vast, overlapping regions. One was the enormous empire of the Ottoman Sultans. The other was the even larger African continent.
How did Egypt industrialize?As Egypt's economy was known as an agricultural economy due to relatively high production of cotton (Hawash 2007). The revolution of 1952 gave birth to industrialization in Egypt. The Government invested in industries like textile, iron, steel, fertilizers, paper and minerals (Hawash 2007).
How did Egypt modernize?Ali put in motion a campaign of modernization, beginning with his military. He required Egyptian peasants to enlist, hired European advisers, and bought modern weapons. By 1831, he was effectively an independent ruler of a stronger, more modern Egypt.
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How did egypt’s economic decline reshape people’s ideas about industrialization and modernization?
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