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Summary:
This handout will cover some of the major issues with appropriate language use: levels of language formality, deceitful language and euphemisms, slang and idiomatic expressions; using group-specific jargon; and biased/stereotypical language.
When writing, it is very important to use language that fits your audience and matches purpose. Inappropriate language uses can damage your credibility, undermine your argument, or alienate your audience. This handout will cover some of the major issues with appropriate language use: levels of language formality, deceitful language and euphemisms, slang and idiomatic expressions; using group-specific jargon; and biased/stereotypical language.
The following is a short overview of the different aspects of using appropriate language. Review the other sections of this handout for a more complete discussion.
- Levels of formality: Writing in a style that your audience expects and that fits your purpose is key to successful writing.
- In-Group jargon: Jargon refers to specialized language used by groups of like-minded individuals. Only use in-group jargon when you are writing for members of that group. You should never use jargon for a general audience without first explaining it.
- Slang and idiomatic expressions: Avoid using slang or idiomatic expressions in general academic writing.
- Deceitful language and euphemisms: Avoid using euphemisms (words that veil the truth, such as "collateral damage" for the unintended destruction of civilians and their property) and other deceitful language.
- Biased language: Avoid using biased language including language with a racial, ethnic, group, or gender bias or language that is stereotypical.
Front | Back |
1. How does language help create our sense of reality? | language does not mirror reality. It helps us create sense of reality by giving meaning to events. The words we use to label and event determine how we respond to it |
1. What is the difference between denotative and connotative meaning? How might you use each to convey your message most effectively? | Denotative is the literal or dictionary meaning of a word or phrase |
1. What are the four criteria for using language effectively in your speeches? | 1. use language accurately |
1. What are the three things you should do to use language clearly in your speeches? | 1. Use familiar words |
1. What are two ways to bring your speeches to life with vivid, animated language? | 1. Use imagery |
1. What does it mean to say you should use language appropriately in your speeches? | -language should be appropriate to the occasion, to the audience, to the topic and to the speaker |
1. Why is it important for a public speaker to use inclusive language? What four usages of include language have become so widely accepted that no speaker can afford to ignore them? | -inclusive language does not stereotype, demean, patronize, etc. |
1. What are the three purposes of a speech of introduction? What guidelines should you follow in preparing such a speech? | a. To build enthusiasm for the upcoming speaker - Must: be brief, make sure your remarks are completely accurate, adapt your remarks to the occasion, adapt your remarks to the main speaker, adapt your remarks to the audience, create a sense of anticipation and drama |
1. What is the main theme of a speech of presentation? Depending on the audience and occasion, what two other themes might you include in such a speech? | -it is used to tell the audience why the recipient is receiving the award |
1. What are the three major traits of a good acceptance speech? | a. Brevity |
1. What is the fundamental purpose of a commemorative speech? Why does a successful commemorative speech depend so much on the creative and subtle use of language? | -Purpose-not to inform listeners but to inspire them, around and heighten their appreciation for the person, institution or idea you are praising |