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hey pointed out that some jobs require few skills and can be performed by people of lesser intelligence. Other jobs, such as that of physician, require high intelligence and advanced education. It is up to the schools to sort the capable from the incapable. They do this, say the functionalists, on the basis of merit, that is, the students' abilities and ambitions.
As you can see, social placement, more commonly known as gatekeeping, means to open the doors of opportunity for some and to close them to others. The question is what opens and closes those doors. Is it merit, as the functionalists argue? To accomplish gatekeeping, schools use some form of tracking, sorting students into different educational "tracks" or programs on the basis of their perceived abilities. Some U.S. high schools funnel students into one of three tracks: general, college prep, or honors. Students on the lowest track are likely to go to work after high school, or to take vocational courses. Those on the highest track usually attend prestigious colleges. Those in between usually attend a local college or regional state university.
Because public schools are supported largely by local property taxes, the richer communities (where property values and incomes are higher) have more to spend on their children's schools, and the poorer communities have less to spend on theirs. The richer communities, then, can offer higher salaries and take their pick of the most highly qualified and motivated teachers. They can also afford to buy the latest textbooks, computers, and software, as well as offer courses in foreign languages, music, and the arts. This, stress conflict theorists, means that in all states the deck is stacked against the poor.
B. Written rules and regulations - teachers and administrators must conform to numerous rules and regulations in the performance of their duties
C. Employment based on technical qualifications - the hiring of instructors is based on professional competence and expertise
D. Hierarchy of authority - each employee of a school system is responsible to a higher authority
E. Division of labor - specialized experts teach particular age levels and specific subjects.
G. Impersonality - the bigger the class size, the more difficult for teachers to give personal attention to each student