A sense (감각/感覺) is any of the systems involved in sensation. During sensation, sense organs engage in stimulus collection and transduction.
Sensation (감각 또는 감각기능/感覺機能) is the physical process during which sensory systems respond to stimuli and provide data for perception. Sensation is often differentiated from the related and dependent concept of perception, which processes and integrates sensory information in order to give meaning to and understand detected stimuli, giving rise to subjective perceptual experience, or qualia. Sensation and perception are central to and precede almost all aspects of cognition, behavior and thought.
Sensitivity (감수성/感受性) is the quality of being tender, easily irritated or sympathetic. For example, sensitivity is how easily a person feels discrimination, prejudice or depreciation. gender sensitivity (성인지감수성/性認知感受性) means that a person is made aware of how gender plays a role in life through his/hei treatment of others.
[One sentence tip] 감각이란 몸 안팎의 자극으로 생기는 시각, 청각, 후각, 미각, 촉각 등의 체험을 말하며, 일상생활을 안전하게 영위하기 위한 역할을 한다.
Contents
- 1 Keywords
- 2 Usage in legal sense
- 3 Sensation
- 4 Statutory ground
- 5 Gender sensitivity
- 5.1 Court rulings
- 6 Poetry
- 6.1 Self-objectification
- 6.2 Sexual objectification
- 7 References
Keywords
sense, sensation, sensitivity, gender equality, sexual harassment,
Usage in legal sense
You may find some examples of "sense" in a legal context on the KoreanLII Web pages, among others:
- common sense: Common sense in the society
- moral sense: sexual moral sense at Obscenity
- sense of identity: Late-life divorce
- sense of responsibility: Professional liability
Sensation
In terms of human sensation, each sense organ (e.g., eyes or nose) requires a minimal amount of stimulation in order to detect a stimulus. This minimum amount of stimulus is called the absolute threshold. The absolute threshold is defined as the minimum amount of stimulation necessary for the detection of a stimulus 50 percent of the time.
Vision | Stars at night; candlelight 48 km (30 mi) away on a dark and clear night |
Hearing | Ticking of a watch 6 m (20 ft) away, in an otherwise silent environment |
Touch | A wing of fly falling on the cheek from a height of 7.6 cm (3 inches) |
Taste | A teaspoon of sugar in 7.5 liters (2 gallons) of water |
Smell | A drop of perfume in a volume of the size of three rooms |
- Note: Sometimes, vestibular sense (balance) may be added, which is measured by tilt of less 30 seconds (0.0083 degrees) on a clocks face.
In this context, which degree in breaching sensitivity will trigger the gender sensitivity in the Korean society remains to be seen in view of the Seoul City Hall case. In relation to the allegation of sexual harassment, the aides of the deceased Mayor Park Won-soon tried to keep the victim, previous female secretary of the Mayor, from moving to other posts or complaining in an official manner. [1] They even persuaded her not to disclose the sexual harassment incident before the press after submitting complaint to the police.
Statutory ground
On the issue of gender sensitivity, the Framework Act on Gender Equality[2] (양성평등기본법/兩性平等基本法) provides for the basic principle, relevant definitions and the State responsibility.
Article 2 (Basic Principle)
The underlying principle of this Act is to achieve a de facto gender-equal society by rectifying and eliminating gender-discriminatory mindsets and practices based upon human dignity and respect for human rights and by sharing equal responsibilities and rights between women and men in all areas through equal participation and treatment.Article 3 (Definitions)
The definitions of terms used in this Act shall be as follows: 1. The term "gender equality" means a state that ensures the equal enjoyment of human rights by women and men and equal participation and treatment in all fields, without any discrimination, prejudice, depreciation, or violence, grounded on gender;[3]2. The term "" means a case in which any employee, employer, or worker of a State agency, local government, or public organization prescribed by Presidential Decree (hereinafter referred to as "State agency, etc.") commits either of the following offences in terms of duties, employment, and other relations: (a) Making the other party feel sexual humiliation or aversion with verbal or physical behavior of a sexual nature, sexual demand, etc., utilizing his/her position or in relation with his/her duties, etc.; (b) Expressing one's intention to put the other party at a disadvantage on grounds of not complying with any verbal or physical behavior of a sexual nature or other demands or to grant him/her any benefit on condition of complying therewith;Article 5 (Obligations of State, etc.)
(1) A state agency, etc., shall strive for the realization of gender equality. (2) The State and local governments are obliged to prepare legal and institutional systems necessary for the realization of gender equality and to secure financial resources therefor.Gender sensitivity
See gender sensitivity.
Court rulings
In the aftermath of MeToo movement staged at home and abroad in 2018 and high profile sexual harassment/violence incidents involving political figures, the Supreme Court rendered an epoch-making decision in 2018.
The Supreme Court held:[4]
Poetry
Objectification (객관화/客觀化) is the act of treating a person as an object or a thing. It is part of dehumanization, the act of disavowing the humanity of others. Sexual objectification, the act of treating a person as a mere object of sexual desire, is a subset of objectification, as is self-objectification, the objectification of one's self.
Self-objectification
[//en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Jeong_Dojeon Chung Do-jeon (삼봉/三峰 정도전/鄭道傳, 1342 – 1398)[6] spent hard times before he joined the camp of General Yi Seong-gye, founder of the Joseon dynasty. So he went around the countryside for work or in exile.
秋陰漠漠 四山空 | 가을 그늘 어두침침하고 사방의 산은 텅 비었는데 | As the shade of autumn is growing darker, mountains all around look empty. |
- Translated into Korean by Kim Jin-tae and into English by Prof. Whon-il Park
Sexual objectification
In July 2020 amidst the alleged sexual harassment by Seoul City Mayor Park Won-soon, the poem below attracted the attention of readers by describing, regardless of the poet's intention, variety of symbolic sensation by means of various sense organs rather than the fruit "orange" itself.
Between the lines of the poem, you may sense that a male boss wants to treat his secretary with his sense organs by objectifying her as a woman.[7]
이 맛을 설명해 줄 수는 없지 당신은 그날 눈을 감고 노란빛을 만지작거렸고 | I can't explain this sort of taste. That day while you closed your eyes, you were fingering the yellow light. |
당신이 탐욕스런 우아함 속에서 그리운 여자의 설레는 박동을 끌어당길 때 | In your covetous elegance, You were pulling the fluttering heartbeat of a lovely girl. |
가득한 화병이 늘 배가 부른 건 아니야 수많은 이야기, 수많은 기억들 | I know a full-packed vase is not always stuffed. So many stories, plenty of memories, |
두 손이 넘쳐 집을 수도 없는 추억들 몸이 끓어올라 아무거나 뱉어 내는 격정의 시간을 | With fully occupied hands, I can't grasp memories. Rather, I spat out anything at the passionate moment with body heated up. |
떠나고 싶진 않았어 아무 기억도 찾아내지 못하는 당신에게 | I didn’t want to leave you, The one who couldn't recollect any memory |
- Translated into English by Prof. Whon-il Park
See more poems at Literature and art, and favorite World poems.
References
- ↑ They used to say to her, "네가 예뻐서 그랬겠지", "(네가) 몰라서 그러는 거다", "인사 이동은 시장에게 직접 허락받으라", "남은 30년 공무원 생활을 편하게 하도록 해 줄 테니 다시 비서로 와 달라". JoongAng Ilbo, "He did it because you're pretty", July 23, 2020.
- ↑ The English translation of the Act is available here.
- ↑ "양성평등"이란 성별에 따른 차별, 편견, 비하 및 폭력 없이 인권을 동등하게 보장받고 모든 영역에 동등하게 참여하고 대우받는 것을 말한다.
- ↑ Supreme Court Decision 2018Do7709 decided October 25, 2018.
- ↑ 이를 피해자에 대한 '제2차 가해'라고 한다.
- ↑ Chung Do-jeon was a prominent Korean scholar-official during the late Goryeo to the early Joseon periods. He served as the first Chief State Councillor of Joseon, from 1392 until 1398. Chung was the principal architect of the Joseon dynasty's policies, laying down the kingdom's ideological, institutional, and legal frameworks which would govern it for five centuries.
- ↑ 석파문학상 수상자인 최정애 시인은 과일로서가 아니라 오렌지가 가진 여러 상징적인 의미를 다양한 감각기관을 통해 풀어내고 있다. 그 결과, 시인의 의도와는 관계없이, 시의 행간에서 비서 직원을 성적으로 대상화(objectification)하여 모든 감각기관을 동원하여 온갖 상상을 하는 상사의 모습이 그려져 있는 것으로 해석되기도 한다.