droplet
Rationale
In 1996 the CDC implemented two new levels of infectious control standards. The first, Standard Precautions, replaced Universal Precautions, and stated that all blood and body fluids are to be presumed infectious. The second, Transmission Based Precautions, are established by how infectious agents are spread and are used in addition to Standard Precautions when a specific disease is suspected
or known in a patient. Three categories are provided: Airborne, Droplet and Contact. Airborne infections (requiring a mask or respirator) are carried by droplet nuclei particles smaller than 5 um and include tuberculosis, measles, chickenpox and mumps. Droplet infections (requiring a mask) are dispersed by coughing and sneezing and include meningitis, whooping cough, influenza and respiratory synctial virus. Examples of contagious agents spread by Contact mode (requiring gown and gloves) are
Clostridium difficile, rotavirus, antibiotic resistant infections, and herpes simplex. See the following link: //www.cdc.gov/HAI/settings/outpatient/basic-infection-control-prevention-plan-2011/transmission-based-precautions.html Complete isolation is a category of former isolation procedures that have been replaced by Transmission Based Precautions. (Basic Medical Laboratory Techniques, Estridge, 2002, 4th Ed., pg 471, Table 7-11)
standard precautions
and droplet precautions
Rationale
In 1996 the CDC implemented two new levels of infectious control standards. The first, Standard Precautions, replaced Universal Precautions, and stated that all blood and body fluids are to be presumed infectious. The second, Transmission Based Precautions, are established by how infectious agents are spread and are used in addition to Standard Precautions when a specific disease is suspected or known in a patient. Three categories are provided: Airborne,
Droplet and Contact. Airborne infections (requiring a mask or respirator) are carried by droplet nuclei particles smaller than 5 um and include tuberculosis, measles, chickenpox and mumps. Droplet infections (requiring a mask) are dispersed by coughing and sneezing and include meningitis, whooping cough, influenza and respiratory syncytial virus. Examples of contagious agents spread by Contact mode (requiring gown and gloves) are Clostridium difficile, rotavirus, antibiotic resistant infections,
and herpes simplex.