1. Protecting jobs - The most common political reason for trade restrictions
2. Retaliation for unfair foreign competition - when governments take, or threaten to take, specific actions, other countries may remove trade barriers
3. Protecting Consumers from "Dangerous" products
4. Protecting industries deemed important for national security - industries are often protected because they are demmed important for national security
5. Furthering the goals of foreign policy - preferential trade terms can be granted to countries that a government wants to build strong relations with.
6. Protecting the human rights of individuals in exporting countries - through trade policy actions
7. Protecting the environment - international trade is associated with a decline in environmental quality
1) protect jobs - most common political reason for trade restriction
- results from political pressures by unions or industries that are "threatened" by more efficient foreign producers
2) protecting industries -
deemed important for national security
-i.e. aerospace, energy, semiconductors
3) retaliation for unfair foreign competition - action taken as a response to another country's policies
-risky strategy --> intervention hurts consumers, if you get
in trade war and keep enforcing regulation you can really hurt consumers
4) protecting consumers: from "dangerous" products - limit "unsafe" products
5) furthering the goals of foreign policy
-preferential trade terms can be granted to countries that a gov't wants to build strong relations with
-can also be used to punish rogue states
6) protect the human rights of individuals in exporting countries
7) protecting the environment: int'l trade is associated w/
decline in environmental quality
-concern over global warming
-concern of environmental regulations