America's History for the AP Course
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470 solutions
Ways of the World: A Global History
3rd EditionRobert W. Strayer
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World Civilizations: The Global Experience, Since 1200, AP Edition
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1st EditionJohn Lund, Paul S. Vickery, P. Scott Corbett, Todd Pfannestiel, Volker Janssen
567 solutions
A patient with diabetes mellitus has been diagnosed with peripheral vascular disease. Which dermatologic manifestations should the nurse assess?
a. Redness of exposed areas of the skin on the hand, foot, face, or neck
b. Leathery, brownish skin on lower leg, pruritus, concave lesions with edema, scar tissue with healing
c. Loss of hair in periphery, delayed capillary filling, dependent rubor, neuropathy, and delayed wound healing
d. Atrophy, epidermal thinning,
increased vascular fragility, impaired wound healing, thin loose dermis, and excess fat at the back of the neck
D. Cold, dry, pale skin; dry, coarse hair; brittle, slow-growing nails
With hypothyroidism the patient will manifest with cold, dry, pale skin; dry, coarse, brittle hair; and brittle, slow-growing nails. With hyperthyroidism the patient will have warm, flushed skin; alopecia with fine soft hair; and thin nails. With Addison's disease the patient will have loss of body hair and generalized hyperpigmentation, especially in folds. With anemia, the patient will display pallor, pale mucous membranes, hair loss, and nail dystrophy.
When assessing a 73-year-old female patient, the nurse found wrinkles, sagging breasts, and tenting of the skin; gray hair; and thick brittle toenails. What normal changes of aging does the nurse know occur that can cause these changes in the integumentary system?
A. Decreased activity of apocrine and sebaceous glands, decreased density of hair, and
increased keratin in nails
B. Decreased extracellular water, surface lipids, and sebaceous gland activity; decreased scalp oil; and decreased circulation
C. Muscle laxity, degeneration of elastic fibers, collagen stiffening, decreased melanin, and decreased peripheral blood supply
D. Increased capillary fragility and permeability, cumulative androgen effect and decreasing estrogen levels, and decreased circulation
C. Muscle laxity, degeneration of elastic fibers, collagen stiffening, decreased melanin, and decreased peripheral blood supply
The normal changes of aging include muscle laxity, degeneration of elastic fibers, and collagen stiffening that contribute to the wrinkles, sagging breasts, and tenting of the skin. Decreased melanin and melanocytes in the hair lead to gray hair, and decreased peripheral blood supply leads to thick brittle nails with diminished growth. Decreased apocrine and sebaceous glands would lead to dry skin with minimal to no perspiration and uneven skin color. Decreased density of hair leads to thinning and loss of hair. Increased keratin in nails leads to longitudinal ridging of the nails. The decreased extracellular water, surface lipids, and sebaceous gland activity lead to dry flaking skin. Decreased scalp oil leads to dry coarse hair and a scaly scalp, and decreased circulation leads to prolonged return of blood to nails on blanching. Increased capillary fragility and permeability in aging leads to bruising. A cumulative androgen effect and decreased estrogen levels lead to facial hirsutism in women and baldness in men. Decreased circulation leads to prolonged return of blood to nails on blanching.
Terms in this set (30)
During shift report, a nurse learns that a patient has a macular rash. As the nurse inspects the patient's skin, what finding will confirm the rash?
a. Elevated, firm, well-defined lesions less than 1 cm in diameter
b. Depressed, firm, or scaly, rough lesions greater than 1 cm in diameter
c. Elevated, fluid-filled lesions less than 1 cm in diameter
d.
Flat, well-defined, small lesions less than 1 cm in diameter
A, C, D, E, F
Correct: These are questions asked in a symptom analysis that includes the following variables: onset of symptoms, location and duration of symptoms, characteristics, severity of symptoms, related symptoms, alleviating factors, aggravating factors, and attempts at self-treatment.
Incorrect: This question relates to the patient's history.