What Is Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder?
Obsessive-Compulsive and related disorders include obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), body dysmorphic disorder, hoarding disorder, trichotillomania (hair-pulling disorder), and excoriation (skin-picking) disorder. Often called the doubting disease, OCD is typically characterized by the presence of obsessions and compulsions that the individual finds difficult to control. Obsessions are characterized as unwanted intrusive thoughts,
urges, images, or impulses. Common obsessions include a need for cleanliness, concerns over germs, fear of doing something blasphemous or causing harm to others, and a need for symmetry or to do things “the right way.” Individuals with obsessions often perform compulsive behaviors to reduce fears associated with their obsessions. Compulsions, also known as “rituals,” are repeated actions or thought patterns that are intended to rid troublesome obsessions. Common compulsions include: excessive
washing or cleaning, checking behavior (e.g., repeatedly looking to see if the oven is turned off), repeating behaviors (e.g., switching a light switch 15 times), mental rituals (e.g., repeating phrases or numbers), and organizing possessions in a set pattern (e.g., color-coordinating items of clothing). Some other disorders included in this category are also characterized by preoccupations and by repetitive behaviors or mental acts in response to those preoccupations. Others are characterized
primarily by recurrent body-focused repetitive behavior (e.g., hair pulling, skin-picking) and repeated attempts to decrease or stop the behaviors.
OCD occurs gradually in both adults and children/adolescents and has a chronic course. Boys most commonly develop OCD in childhood while girls typically develop OCD in early adulthood. OCD has a genetic component and is heritable. People with OCD often have family members with OCD and other anxiety problems. Learning and life stress also contribute to the development of OCD. Most people have thoughts similar to the thoughts that bother people with OCD; however, people who have OCD are more bothered by these thoughts. They then try to avoid them or develop compulsions to neutralize them. The avoidance and compulsions make the thoughts stronger.
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Cards Return to Set Details
Term | Definition behavior patterns or mental processes that cause serious personal suffering or interfere with a person's ability to cope with everyday life |
Term | Definition mental disorders in a specific culture |
Term | Definition general state of dread or uneasiness that occurs in response to a vague or imagined danger |
Term | Definition |
Term | Definition most common phobia, persistent excessive or irrational fear of a particular object or situation (as in your phobia of playing singles at ECCs :)) |
Term | Definition fear of social situations |
Term | Definition short period of intense fear or discomfort (shortness of breath, dizziness, rapid heart rate, trembling, shaking, choking, nausea, |
Term | Definition fear of being in places or situations in which escape is difficult |
Term | Definition unwanted thoughts, ideas, or mental images that occur over and over again |
Term | Definition repetitive ritual behaviors often involving checking, or cleaning something |
Term post-traumatic stress disorder | Definition feelings of anxiety that are caused by an experience so traumatic that it would produce stress in most people |
Term | Definition separation of certain personality components or mental processes from conscious thought |
Term | Definition feelings of detachment from one's mental processes or body |
Term | Definition expression of psychological distress through physical symptoms (like being depressed but having your body become paralyzed) |
Term | Definition helplessness, hopelessness, worthlessness, guilt or great sadness |
Term | Definition mood changes from depression to wild elation and back again |
Term | Definition extreme elation or hyperactivity |
Term | Definition 3 types - paranoid, disorganized, catatonic |
Term | Definition |
Term | Definition how typical a behavior is of people in general, whether the behavior is maladaptive, causes individual emotional discomfort or whether the behavior is socially acceptable |
Term | Definition behavior that impairs an individual's ability to function adequately in everyday life |
Term | Definition feelings of helplessness, hopelessness, worthlessness, guilt, and extreme sadness |
Term socially acceptable behavior | Definition behavior that violates a society's accepted norms |
Term | Definition In Malaysia, hypersensitivity to sudden fright, often with nonsense mimicking of others; trance-like behavior |
Term | Definition in middle east, shouting, laughing, head banging, or other inappropriate behavior that is believed to be caused by possession of the body by a spirit |
Term | Definition native americans in US, bad dreams, hallucinations, fainting, and other symptoms believed to be due to preoccupation with death and the dead |
Term | Definition in Korea, panic, depression, or other symptoms believed to be due to the suppression of anger |
Term | Definition In Latino groups in US and Caribbean, unhappiness and illness following a frightening event that is believed to cause the soul to leave the body |
Term | Definition In Mediterranean or elsewhere, sufferers, mostly children, are believed to be under the influence of an "evil eye" causing fitful sleep, crying, and sickness |
Term | Definition |
Term | Definition |
Term | Definition |
Term | Definition |
Term generalized anxiety disorder | Definition GAD - excessive or unrealistic worry about life circumstances that lasts for at least 6 months |
Term obsessive-compulsive disorder | Definition unwanted thoughts, ideas, or mental images that occur over and over again with compulsions (repetitive ritual behaviors often involving checking, or cleaning something) |
Term | Definition post traumatic stress disorder and acute stress disorder |
Term | Definition sudden loss of memory usually following a traumatic event |
Term | Definition forgetting personal information and past events and suddenly relocating from home or work and taking on a new identity |
Term dissociative identity disorder | Definition 2 or more personalities in 1 person |
Term | Definition feelings of detachment from one's mental processes or body |
Term | Definition change in or loss of physical functioning in a major part of the body with no known medical explanation |
Term | Definition preoccupation with thoughts that one has a serious disease |
Term | Definition most common - has at least 5 of these symptoms:1 persistent depressed mood2 loss of interest or pleasure in all activities3 weight loss or gain due to changes in appetite4 sleeping more or less than usual5 speeding up or slowing down of emotional reactions6 loss of energy7 worthlessness or guilt8 trouble concentrating and making decisions 9 thoughts of death or suicide |
Term | Definition delusions or hearing voices |
Term disorganized schizophrenia | Definition incoherent in thoughts and speech and disorganized in behavior |
Term | Definition disturbance in movement; people may hold unusual uncomfortable positions for long periods of time, even after their arms and legs swell and stiffen |
Term paranoid personality disorder | Definition |
Term schizoid personality disorder | Definition no interest in relationships with others |
Term antisocial personality disorder | Definition disregard for rights of others |
Term avoidant personality disorder | Definition people want relationships with others but can't because they fear disapproval of others |
Term | Definition Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders |
Term | Definition |
Term | Definition |
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