Organizational Behavior, 18e (Robbins)
Chapter 7 Motivation Concepts
1) ________ is defined as the processes that account for an individual's intensity, direction, and
persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.
A) Leadership
B) Management
C) Learning
D) Emotional labor
E) Motivation
Answer: E
Explanation: Motivation is defined as the processes that account for an individual's intensity,
direction, and persistence of effort toward attaining a goal.
LO: 7.1: Describe the three key elements of motivation.
Difficulty: Easy
Quest. Category: Concept
2) The ________ dimension of motivation measures how long a person can maintain effort.
A) direction
B) persistence
C) intensity
D) knowledge
E) experience
Answer: B
Explanation: Motivation has a persistence dimension. This measures how long a person can
maintain effort. Motivated individuals stay with a task long enough to achieve their goal.
LO: 7.1: Describe the three key elements of motivation.
Difficulty: Easy
Quest. Category: Concept
3) The ________ element of motivation describes how hard a person tries.
A) intelligence
B) experience
C) direction
D) intensity
E) persistence
Answer: D
Explanation: Intensity describes how hard a person tries. This is the element most of us focus on
when we talk about motivation.
LO: 7.1: Describe the three key elements of motivation.
Difficulty: Easy
Quest. Category: Concept
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Presentation on theme: "Definition Motivation is a process that accounts for an individual’s intensity, direction and persistence of efforts towards attaining a goal. Stephen."— Presentation transcript:
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2 Definition Motivation is a process that accounts for an individual’s intensity,
direction and persistence of efforts towards attaining a goal. Stephen P. Robbins
3 Key Elements of Motivation
Direction (Towards the goal) Persistence (Consistency of Effort) Intensity (Degree of Effort)
4 Theories of Motivation
Needs theories Maslow’s hierarchy of needs Herzberg’s two factor theory ERG Theory McClelland Theory Process theories Vroom’s Valence Expectancy Theory Goal Setting Theory
5 Need Theories
6 Maslow’s Need Hierarchy Theory
Self Actualization Self Esteem Needs Social Needs
Safety Needs Physiological Needs Lower-order needs Higher-order 3
7 Herzberg’s Two-Factor Theory
Dissatisfaction and De-motivation Not dissatisfied
but not motivated Positive satisfaction and motivation Hygiene Factors Motivational Factors Company policies Quality of supervision Relations with others Personal life Rate of pay Job security Working conditions Achievement Career advancement Personal growth Job
interest Recognition Responsibility
8 Dissatisfier and Satisfier
Absent Present Hygiene Factors Dissatisfaction No Dissatisfaction Motivational Factors No Dissatisfaction Satisfaction
Dissatisfier Satisfier
9 Comparison of Maslow and Herzberg Theory
Hygiene Motivators Factors Maslow Social Safety Physiological Self-Actualisation
Esteem
10 ERG Theory (Alderfer Theory)
According to Alderfer there are three groups of needs: Existence: Needs related to basic requirements Relatedness: Needs related to relationship building Growth: Needs related to personal growth and
development More than one need can be operative at the same time. If a higher level need is not satisfied, the desire for the lower level need increases.
11 McClelland’s Theory of Needs
According to McClelland there are three types of needs:
Need for Achievement: Drive to achieve success Need for Power: Desire for authority, to influence and lead others Need for Affiliation: Desire for close interpersonal relationship nAch nPow nAff